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max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer general description the max34451 is a power-supply system manager that is capable of monitoring up to 16 different voltage rails or currents and is also capable of sequencing and margining up to 12 power supplies. the system manager monitors the power-supply output voltages and currents and constantly checks them for user programmable over and under threshold limits. if a fault is detected, the device automatically shuts down the system in an orderly fashion. the device can sequence the supplies in any order at both power-up and power-down. the device has the ability to close-loop margin the power-supply output voltages up or down to a user-programmable level. the device contains an internal temperature sensor and can support up to four external remote temperature sensors. once configured, the device can operate autonomously without any host intervention. applications network switches/routers base stations servers smart grid network systems beneits and features integration enables management of multiple power supplies to maximize system performance ? 16 channels of voltage or current monitoring ? 12 channels of sequencing and margining (8 pwm, 4 external current dacs (1 x ds4424), and sequencing ? expandable channel operation with parallel devices ? remote ground sensing improves measurement accuracy ? programmable up and down time-based or event-based sequencing ? dual sequencing loops ? conigurable combinatorial logic supporting up to 16 gpis and 20 gpos ? automatic closed-loop margining ? no external clocking required ? pmbus?-compliant command interface fast, reliable control and fault detection improves system reliability ? fast minimum/maximum threshold excursion detection ? supports up to 5 temperature sensors (1 internal and 4 remote) ? fault detection on all temperature sensors ? reports peak, minimum, and average levels for a number of parameters ? programmable alarm outputs ? on-board nonvolatile black box fault logging and default coniguration setting i 2 c-/smbus-compatible serial bus with bus time-out function simplifies additional temperature sensors and dacs to the max34451 +3.0v to +3.6v supply voltage 19-6642; rev 2; 5/15 typical operating circuit apears at end of data sheet. pmbus is a trademark of smif, inc. +denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. t = tape and reel. *ep = exposed pad. ordering information part temp range pin-package max34451etn+ -40c to +85c 56 tqfn-ep* max34451etn+t -40c to +85c 56 tqfn-ep* evaluation kit available downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 2 recommended operating conditions (t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted.) electrical characteristics (v dd and v dda = 3.0v to 3.6v, t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v dd /v dda = 3.3v, t a = +25c.) (note 2) stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. absolute maximum ratings v dd and v dda to v ss ......................................... -0.3v to +4.0v rsg0 and rsg1 to v ss ...................................... -0.3v to +0.3v all other pins except reg18 relative to v ss .................................... -0.3v to (v dd + 0.3v)* reg18 to v ss ...................................................... -0.3v to +2.0v continuous power dissipation (t a = +70c) tqfn (derate 27.8mw/c above +70c) ............... 2222.2mw operating temperature range ........................... -40c to +85c storage temperature range ............................ -55c to +125c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................. +260c soldering temperature (reflow) ....................................... +260c *subject to not exceeding +4.0v. parameter symbol conditions min typ max units v dd operating voltage range v dd (note 1) 3.0 3.6 v input logic 1(except i 2 c and gpin pins) v ih1 0.7 x v dd v dd + 0.3 v input logic 0(except i 2 c and gpin pins) v il1 -0.3 +0.3 x v dd v input logic 1: scl, sda, mscl, msda v ih2 2.1 v dd + 0.3 v input logic 0: scl, sda, mscl, msda v il2 -0.3 +0.8 v input logic 1 (gpin pins) v ih3 minimum pulse width 5ms 1.5 v dd + 0.3 v input logic 0 (gpin pins) v il3 minimum pulse width 5ms -0.3 +1.0 v source impedance to rsn adc_time[1:0] = 00 1 k? adc_time[1:0] = 01 5 adc_time[1:0] = 10 10 adc_time[1:0] = 11 20 v dd rise time from 0v to 3.0v 4 ms v dd source impedance 10 ? parameter symbol conditions min typ max units generalsupply current i cpu (note 3) 12 ma i program 18 system clock error f err:mosc +25c < t a < +85c -3 +3 % -40c < t a < +25c -4 +4 output logic-low(except i 2 c pins) v ol1 i ol = 4ma (note 1) 0.4 v downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd and v dda = 3.0v to 3.6v, t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v dd /v dda = 3.3v, t a = +25c.) (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units output logic-high(except i 2 c pins) v oh1 i oh = -2ma (note 1) v dd - 0.5 v output logic-low: scl, sda, mscl, msda v ol2 i ol = 4ma (note 1) 0.4 v scl, sda, mscl, msda leakage il i2c v dd = 0v or unconnected 5 a control0 threshold 2.048 v control0 hysteresis 50 mv adcadc bit resolution 12 bits adc conversion time adc_time[1:0] = 00 1000 ns adc full scale v fs t a = 0c to +85c 2.032 2.048 2.064 v adc measurement resolution v lsb 500 v rsn input capacitance c rs 15 pf rsn input leakage il rs 0v < v rsn < 2.1v 0.25 a adc integral nonlinearity inl 1 lsb adc differential nonlinearity dnl 1 lsb temperature sensor internal temperature- measurement error t a = -40c to +85c 2 c flash flash endurance n flash note 3 20,000 write cycles data retention t a = +50c (note 4) 100 years store_default_all, mfr_store_all write time 80 ms restore_default_all with mfr_store_single data 105 ms restore_default_all or mfr_restore_all without mfr_store_single data 500 s mfr_store_single write time 310 s mfr_nv_fault_log write time writing 1 fault log 11 ms mfr_nv_fault_log delete time deleting all fault logs 200 ms mfr_nv_fault_log overwrite time 40 ms downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 4 electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd and v dda = 3.0v to 3.6v, t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v dd /v dda = 3.3v, t a = +25c.) (note 2) i 2 c/smbus interface electrical specifications (v dd and v dda = 3.0v to 3.6v, t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v dd /v dda = 3.3v, t a = +25c.) note 1: all voltages are referenced to ground. current entering the device are specified as positive and currents exiting the device are negative. note 2: limits are 100% production tested at t a = +25c. limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and chacterization. note 3: this does not include pin input/output currents. note 4: guaranteed by design. note 5: the round-robin threshold excursion rate can be changed with the adc_average and adc_time bits in m fr_mode from 16s (no averaging and 1s conversion) to 1024s (8x averaging and 8s conversion). parameter symbol conditions min typ max units timing operating characteristics round-robin voltage and current sample rate threshold excursion (note 5) 64 s data collection 5 ms temperature sample rate 1000 ms device startup time with mfr_store_single data 170 ms without mfr_store_single data 90 pwm frequency pwm power-supply margining 312.5 khz pwm resolution pwm power-supply margining 8 bits parameter symbol conditions min typ max units scl clock frequency f scl 10 400 khz mscl clock frequency f mscl 100 khz bus free time between stop and start conditions t buf 1.3 s hold time (repeated) start condition t hd:sta 0.6 s low period of scl t low 1.3 s high period of scl t high 0.6 s data hold time t hd:dat receive 0 ns transmit 300 data setup time t su:dat 100 ns start setup time t su:sta 0.6 s sda and scl rise time t r 300 ns sda and scl fall time t f 300 ns stop setup time t su:sto 0.6 s clock low timeout t to 25 27 35 ms downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 5 i 2 c/smbus timing typical operating characteristics (v dd = 3.3v and t a = +25c, without mfr_store_single data, unless otherwise noted.) sclnote: timing is referenced to v il(max) and v ih(min) . sda stop start repeated start t buf t hd:sta t hd:dat t su:dat t su:sto t hd:sta t sp t su:sta t high t r t f t low supply current vs. temperature max34451 toc01 temperature (c) i dd (ma) 80 60 -20 0 20 40 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.010.0 -40 100 supply current vs. supply voltage max34451 toc02 v dd (v) i dd (ma) 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.010.0 3.0 3.6 t a = +85c t a = +25c t a = -40c psenn outputs during power-up max34451 toc03 20ms/div psen1 psen0 v dd the psenn pins power up in a high-impedance state ton_delay = 0ms ton_delay = 5ms the control n pin is assertedwhen power is applied 2v/div downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer maxim integrated 6 www.maximintegrated.com typical operating characteristics (continued) (v dd = 3.3v and t a = +25c, without mfr_store_single data, unless otherwise noted.) fault pins during power-up max34451 toc04 20ms/div fault2 fault0 2v/div v dd gpon output pins configured during power-up (all pins configured to be push-pull active-high) max34451 toc05 20ms/div alarm 2v/div pg v dd gpo alarm operation pg operation force gpo assertion alert pin during power-up max34451 toc06 400s/div alert v dd 1v/div rst pin during power-up max34451 toc07 400s/div v dd 1v/div rst filtered margining voltage vs. time max34451 toc08 40ms/div 100mv/div i dd vs. time during a nonvolatile log write max34451 toc09 2ms/div i dd 5ma/div 0ma 2v/div faultn i dd vs. time during a nonvolatile log write with overwrite enabled max34451 toc10 4ms/div i dd 5ma/div 0ma 2v/div faultn downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 7 pin description pin coniguration pin* name type** function 1 rs4 ai adc voltage-sense input 4. connect to v ss if unused. gpi4 ai general-purpose input 4. connect to v ss if unused. 2 rs3 ai adc voltage-sense input 3. connect to v ss if unused. gpi3 ai general-purpose input 3. connect to v ss if unused. 3 rs2 ai adc voltage-sense input 2. connect to v ss if unused. gpi2 ai general-purpose input 2. connect to v ss if unused. 4 rs1 ai adc voltage-sense input 1. connect to v ss if unused. gpi1 ai general-purpose input 1. connect to v ss if unused. 5 rs0 ai adc voltage-sense input 0. connect to v ss if unused. gpi0 ai general-purpose input 0. connect to v ss if unused. 6 control1 di power-supply master on/off control input 1. active low or active high based on on_off_config command. connect to v ss if unused. top view max34451 tqfn 15 1716 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 sda + scl v dd reg18 psen10/gpo10/fault2 rs14/gpi14 mscl msda n.c. pwm0/gpo12 pwm1/gpo13 pwm2/gpo14 pwm3/gpo15 pwm4/gpo16 rs5/gpi5 rs6/gpi6 rs7/gpi7 rs8/gpi8 rs9/gpi9 rs10/gpi10 rs11/gpi11 rs12/gpi12 psen9/gpo9 rs13/gpi13 psen8/gpo8 psen7/gpo7 psen6/gpo6 psen5/gpo5 48 47 46 45 44 4354 5356 55 ep/v ss 52 51 50 49 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 rst psen11/gpo11/seq rs15/gpi15 control0 fault0 v ss n.c. v dda control1 rs0/gpi0 rs1/gpi1 rs2/gpi2 rs3/gpi3 rs4/gpi4 addralert pwm5/gpo17 pwm6/gpo18 pwm7/gpo19/fault1 rsg0 n.c. rsg1 n.c. psen0/gpo0 psen1/gpo1 psen2/gpo2 psen3/gpo3 psen4/gpo4 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 8 pin description (continued) pin* name type** function 7 v dda power analog supply voltage. bypass v dda to v ss with 0.1f. connect to v dd . 8 n.c. no connection. do not connect any signal to this pin. 9 v ss power ground reference. must be connected to ep (exposed pad). 10 fault0 dio fault input/output 0. open-drain, active-low i/o. see the expanded pin description section for more details. 11 control0 ai power-supply master on/off control input 0. active low or active high based on on_off_config command. connect to v ss if unused. 12 rst dio active-low reset input/output. contains an internal pullup. 13 psen11 do power-supply enable 11. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo11 do general-purpose output 11 seq dio sequencing input/output. open-drain, active-low i/o. this pin is used as a handshake signal to coordinate sequencing in systems using multiple devices. 14 rs15 ai adc voltage-sense input 15. connect to v ss if unused. gpi15 ai general-purpose input 15. connect to v ss if unused. 15 sda dio i 2 c/smbus-compatible input/output. open-drain output. 16 scl dio i 2 c/smbus-compatible clock input/output. open-drain output. 17 v dd power digital supply voltage. bypass v dd to v ss with 0.1f. connect to v dda . 18 reg18 power regulator for digital circuitry. bypass to v ss with 1f and 10nf (500m? maximum esr). do not connect other circuitry to this pin. 19 psen10 do power-supply enable 10. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo10 do general-purpose output 10 fault2 dio fault input/output 2. open-drain, active-low i/o. see the expanded pin description section for more details. 20 rs14 ai adc voltage-sense input 14. connect to v ss if unused. gpi14 ai general-purpose input 14. connect to v ss if unused. 21 mscl dio master i 2 c clock input/output. open-drain output. 22 msda dio master i 2 c data input/output. open-drain output. 23 n.c. no internal connection 24 pwm0 do pwm margin output 0. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo12 do general-purpose output 12 25 pwm1 do pwm margin output 1. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo13 do general-purpose output 13 26 pwm2 do pwm margin output 2. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo14 do general-purpose output 14 27 pwm3 do pwm margin output 3. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo15 do general-purpose output 15 28 pwm4 do pwm margin output 4. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo16 do general-purpose output 16 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 9 pin description (continued) pin* name type** function 29 pwm5 do pwm margin output 5. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo17 do general-purpose output 17 30 alert do alert output. open-drain, active-low output. 31 addr di smbus slave address select. this pin is sampled on device power-up to determine the smbus address. see the pmbus/smbus address select section for details on how to strap this pin to select the proper slave address. 32 pwm6 do pwm margin output 6. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo18 do general-purpose output 18 33 pwm7 do pwm margin output 7. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo19 do general-purpose output 19 fault1 dio fault input/output 1. open-drain, active-low i/o. see the expanded pin description section for more details. 34 rsg0 ai remote-sense ground for rs0/gpi0 to rs3/gpi3 and rs12/gpi12 to rs15/gpi15. 35 n.c. no internal connection 36 rsg1 ai remote-sense ground for rs4/gpi4 to rs11/gpi11. 37 n.c. no internal connection 38 psen0 do power-supply enable 0. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo0 do general-purpose output 0 39 psen1 do power-supply enable 1. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo1 do general-purpose output 1 40 psen2 do power-supply enable 2. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo2 do general-purpose output 2 41 psen3 do power-supply enable 3. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo3 do general-purpose output 3 42 psen4 do power-supply enable 4. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo4 do general-purpose output 4 43 psen5 do power-supply enable 5. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo5 do general-purpose output 5 44 psen6 do power-supply enable 6. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo6 do general-purpose output 6 45 psen7 do power-supply enable 7. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo7 do general-purpose output 7 46 psen8 do power-supply enable 8. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo8 do general-purpose output 8 47 rs13 ai adc voltage-sense input 13. connect to v ss if unused. gpi13 ai general-purpose input 13. connect to v ss if unused. 48 psen9 do power-supply enable 9. see the expanded pin description section for more details. gpo9 do general-purpose output 9 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 10 pin description (continued) * all pins except the power pins, alert , and addr are high impedance during device power-up and reset. ** ai = analog input, ao = analog output, di = digital input, dio = digital input/output, and do = digital output. expanded pin description pin* name type** function 49 rs12 ai adc voltage-sense input 12. connect to v ss if unused. gpi12 ai general-purpose input 12. connect to v ss if unused. 50 rs11 ai adc voltage-sense input 11. connect to v ss if unused. gpi11 ai general-purpose input 11. connect to v ss if unused. 51 rs10 ai adc voltage-sense input 10. connect to v ss if unused. gpi10 ai general-purpose input 10. connect to v ss if unused. 52 rs9 ai adc voltage-sense input 9. connect to v ss if unused. gpi9 ai general-purpose input 9. connect to v ss if unused. 53 rs8 ai adc voltage-sense input 8. connect to v ss if unused. gpi8 ai general-purpose input 8. connect to v ss if unused. 54 rs7 ai adc voltage-sense input 7. connect to v ss if unused. gpi7 ai general-purpose input 7. connect to v ss if unused. 55 rs6 ai adc voltage-sense input 6. connect to v ss if unused. gpi6 ai general-purpose input 6. connect to v ss if unused. 56 rs5 ai adc voltage-sense input 5. connect to v ss if unused. gpi5 ai general-purpose input 5. connect to v ss if unused. ep/v ss power exposed pad (bottom side of package). must be connected to local ground. the exposed pad is the ground reference (v ss ) for the device. pin function psen0Cpsen11 the psen0Cpsen11 outputs are programmable with the mfr_psen_config command for either active- high or active-low operation and can be either open drain or push-pull. if not used for power-supply enables, these outputs can be repurposed as general-purpose outputs using the mfr_psen_config command. if these pins are used to enable power supplies, it is highly recommended that they have external pullups or pulldowns to force the supplies into an off state when the device is not active. pwm0Cpwm7 the pwm0Cpwm7 outputs are high impedance when the margining is disabled. a 100% duty cycle implies the pins are continuously high. if not used for margining, these pins can be repurposed as general-purpose outputs with the mfr_pwm_config command. fault0 C fault2 the fault0 C fault2 pins operate independently. any global channel can be enabled with the mfr_fault_response command to assert one or more of the faultn signals. also, each global channel can be enabled to shut down when one or more of the faultn signals asserts. these pins are used to provide hardware control for power supplies across multiple devices. these outputs are unconditionally deasserted while rst is asserted or the device is power cycled. after device reset and upon device power- up, these outputs are pulled low immediately after program recall and held low until monitoring starts. once monitoring starts, the faultn signals are released if no enabled faults are present. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 11 block diagram pmbus control and monitoring engine pmbus interface enable fault0 pwm7gpo19 fault1 pwm0Cpwm6 gpo12Cgpo18 psen0Cpsen9 gpo0Cgpo9 enable smbus master msda mscl min/max and average results adc results sram nv fault log nv configuration sequencing engine sample averaging max34451 temp sensor v ref 2.048v auto sequencer 12-bit 1msps adc mux 8 voltage/current/temperature smbus slave power control 1.8v vreg sda scl alert addr rst v dd reg18 v ss pullup control1control0 v dda 2.048v threshold excursions digital comparators undervoltage warning undervoltage fault overvoltage warning overvoltage fault powerCgood on powerCgood off overtemperature warning overtemperature fault gpi logic activeChigh gpi logic activeClow seq fault2 sequencing enable enable and alarms power-supply enable pin function select alarms power good/gpi margining control fault1 fault0 rs0Crs3/rs12Crs15 gpi0Cgpi3/gpi12Cgpi15 8 rs4Crs11 gpi4Cgpi11 rsg0 rsg1 16 16 16 16 10 enable and alarms enable pulse-width modulator pin function select 7 16 16 psen10gpo10 fault2 psen11 gpo11 seq downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 12 detailed description the max34451 is a highly integrated system monitor with functionality to monitor up to 16 different voltages or currents and to sequence and close-loop margin up to 12 power supplies. it also supports local and remote thermal sensing. the power-supply manager monitors the power- supply output voltage and current and constantly checks for user-programmable overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent thresholds. it also has the ability to margin the power-supply output voltage up or down by a user- programmable level. the margining is performed in a closed-loop arrangement, whereby the device automati - cally adjusts a pwm signal or an external current dac output and then measures the resultant output voltage. the power-supply manager can also sequence the supplies in any order at both power-up and power-down. thermal monitoring can be accomplished using up to five temperature sensors including an on-chip temperature sensor and up to four external remote ds75lv digital temperature sensors. communications with the ds75lv temperature sensors is conducted through a dedicated i 2 c/smbus interface. the device provides alert and faultn output signals. host communications are conducted through a pmbus- compatible communications port. see table 1 and table 2 for more details on specific device operation. table 1. pmbus page to pin/resource mapping pmbus page pin name rsn/gpin (16 available) psenn/gpon (12 available) pwmn/gpon (8 available) voltage or current monitor general- purpose input (gpi) pin power- supply enable (psen) general- purpose output (gpo) pin pwm margin output (pwm) general- purpose output (gpo) pin 0 rs0 gpi0 5 psen0 gpo0 38 pwm0 gpo12 24 1 rs1 gpi1 4 psen1 gpo1 39 pwm1 gpo13 25 2 rs2 gpi2 3 psen2 gpo2 40 pwm2 gpo14 26 3 rs3 gpi3 2 psen3 gpo3 41 pwm3 gpo15 27 4 rs4 gpi4 1 psen4 gpo4 42 pwm4 gpo16 28 5 rs5 gpi5 56 psen5 gpo5 43 pwm5 gpo17 29 6 rs6 gpi6 55 psen6 gpo6 44 pwm6 gpo18 32 7 rs7 gpi7 54 psen7 gpo7 45 pwm7 gpo19 33 8 rs8 gpi8 53 psen8 gpo8 46 margin capability provided through the external ds4424 9 rs9 gpi9 52 psen9 gpo9 48 10 rs10 gpi10 51 psen10 gpo10 19 11 rs11 gpi11 50 psen11 gpo11 13 12 rs12 gpi12 49 can monitor voltage or current or be assigned as gpi 13 rs13 gpi13 47 14 rs14 gpi14 20 15 rs15 gpi15 14 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 13 table 2. device channel capabilities and options max34451 channel pmbus command page channel capabilities 0C7 0C7 voltage monitor/sequence/margin/gpo option: pins rsn/gpin, psenn, and pwmn (where n = 0C7) have a one-to-one association for each channel that monitors for voltage (rsn) and can be used to sequence (psenn) and margin (pwmn) the power supply. the voltage monitored on this channel can also be conigured to determine a power-good state. if not required for either sequencing or margining, the associated psenn and pwmn outputs can be repurposed as gpon outputs that can either indicate a logic combination of power-good (pg) and gpi states or report alarms. current monitor/gpo option: if the rsn/gpin input is used to monitor current, then the channel is not used to sequence or margin. the associated psenn and pwmn outputs can be repurposed as gpon outputs that can either indicate a logic combination of power-good (pg) and gpi states or report alarms. gpi/gpo option: if the rsn/gpin input is conigured as a general-purpose input (gpi), it can be used as a term in a logic combination to determine a power-good (pg) state and assert a gpon output or act as a condition to allow a power supply to be enabled. the associated psenn and pwmn outputs can be repurposed as gpon outputs that can indicate power-good (pg) states or report alarms. 8C11 8C11 same as channels 0C7 except no pwm outputs: pins rsn/gpin, and psenn (where n = 8C11) are the same as channels 0C7, except the pwmn outputs for these channels do not exist and instead the device uses an external ds4424 current dac (connected to the master i 2 c local bus) to margin the power supplies. these channels can also be used to monitor current or be used as gpin inputs just like channels 0C7. 12C15 12C15 pins rsn/gpin (where n = 12C15) cannot be used to control sequencing or for margining. voltage monitor option: monitor voltage including channel power-good (pg) and can also be conigured to shut down one or more power supplies if a fault occurs. current monitor option: monitor current and can be conigured to shut down one or more power supplies if a fault occurs. gpi option: as a general-purpose input (gpi), can be used as a term in a logic combination to determine a power-good (pg) state and assert a gpon output or act as a condition to allow a power supply to be enabled. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 14 table 3. pmbus command codes code command name type page no. of bytes flash stored/ locked (note 2) default value (note 2) 0C11 12C15 16C20 255 (note 1) 00h page r/w byte r/w r/w r/w r/w 1 n/n 00h 01h operation r/w byte r/w w 1 n/n 00h 02h on_off_config r/w byte r/w r/w r/w r/w 1 y/y 1ah 03h clear_faults send byte w w w w 0 n/n 10h write_protect r/w byte r/w r/w r/w r/w 1 n/y 00h 11h store_default_all send byte w w w w 0 n/y 12h restore_default_all send byte w w w w 0 n/y 19h capability read byte r r r r 1 n/n 20h/30h 20h vout_mode read byte r r r r 1 fixed/n 40h 25h vout_margin_high r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h 26h vout_margin_low r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h 2ah vout_scale_monitor r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 38h iout_cal_gain r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h 40h vout_ov_fault_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 42h vout_ov_warn_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 43h vout_uv_warn_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h 44h vout_uv_fault_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h 46h iout_oc_warn_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 4ah iout_oc_fault_limit r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 4fh ot_fault_limit r/w word r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 51h ot_warn_limit r/w word r/w 2 y/y 7fffh 5eh power_good_on r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h 5fh power_good_off r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h 60h ton_delay r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h 62h ton_max_fault_limit r/w word r/w 2 y/y ffffh 64h toff_delay r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h 79h status_word read word r r r r 2 n/n 0000h 7ah status_vout read byte r r 1 n/n 00h 7bh status_iout read byte r r 1 n/n 00h downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 15 table 3. pmbus command codes (continued) code command name type page no. of bytes flash stored/ locked (note 2) default value (note 2) 0C11 12C15 16C20 255 (note 1) 7dh status_temperature read byte r 1 n/n 00h 7eh status_cml read byte r r r r 1 n/n 00h 80h status_mfr_specific read byte r r r 1 n/n 00h 8bh read_vout read word r r 2 n/n 0000h 8ch read_iout read word r r 2 n/n 0000h 8dh read_temperature_1 read word r 2 n/n 0000h 98h pmbus_revision read byte r r r r 1 fixed/n 11h 99h mfr_id read byte r r r r 1 fixed/n 4dh 9ah mfr_model read byte r r r r 1 fixed/n 59h 9bh mfr_revision read word r r r r 2 fixed/n (note 3) 9ch mfr_location block r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w 8 y/y (note 4) 9dh mfr_date block r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w 8 y/y (note 4) 9eh mfr_serial block r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w 8 y/y (note 4) d1h mfr_mode block r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w 2 y/y 0020h d2h mfr_psen_config block r/w r/w 4 y/y (note 5) d4h mfr_vout_peak r/w word r/w r/w 2 n/y 0000h d5h mfr_iout_peak r/w word r/w r/w 2 n/y 0000h d6h mfr_temperature_peak r/w word r/w 2 n/y 8000h d7h mfr_vout_min r/w word r/w r/w 2 n/y 7fffh d8h mfr_nv_log_config r/w word r/w r/w r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h d9h mfr_fault_response block r/w r/w r/w 4 y/y (note 5) dah mfr_fault_retry r/w word r/w r/w r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h dch mfr_nv_fault_log block read r r r r 255 y/y (note 6) ddh mfr_time_count block r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w 4 n/y (note 5) dfh mfr_margin_config r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h e2h mfr_iout_avg r/w word r r 2 n/y 0000h e4h mfr_channel_config r/w word r/w r/w 2 y/y 0000h e6h mfr_ton_seq_max r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h e7h mfr_pwm_config (note 7) block r/w r/w 4 y/y (note 5) downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 16 note 1: common commands are shaded; access through any page results in the same device response. note 2: in the flash stored/locked column, the n on the left indicates that this parameter is not stored in flash memory when the store_default_all or mfr_store_all command is executed; the value shown in the default value column is automatically loaded upon power-on reset or when the rst pin is asserted. the y on the left in the flash stored/locked column indicates that the currently loaded value in this parameter is stored in flash memory when th e store_default_ all or mfr_store_all command is executed and is automatically loaded upon power-on reset or when the rst pin is asserted; the value shown in the default value column is the value when shipped from the factory. fixed in the flash stored column means that the value is fixed at the factory and cannot be changed. the value shown in the default value column is automatically loaded upon power-on reset or when the rst pin is asserted. the right-side y/n indicates that when the device is locked, only the commands listed with n can be accessed. all other commands are ignored if written and return ffh if read. only the page, clear_faults, operation, and mfr_serial commands can be writt en to. the device unlocks if the upper 4 bytes of mfr_serial match the data written to the device. note 3: the factory-set value is dependent on the device hardware and firmware revision. note 4: the factory-set default value for this 8-byte block is 3130313031303130h. note 5: the factory-set default value for this 4-byte block is 00000000h. note 6: the factory-set default value for the complete block of the mfr_nv_fault_log is ffh. note 7: mfr_pwm_config is only available for pages 0C7. pmbus/smbus address select on device power-up, the device samples the addr pin to determine the pmbus/smbus serial-port address. the combination of the components shown in figure 1 determines the serial-port address (also see table 4 ). smbus/pmbus operation the device implements the pmbus command structure using the smbus format. the structure of the data flow between the host and the slave is shown below for several different types of transactions. all transactions begin with a host sending a command code that is immediately preceded with a 7-bit slave address (r/ w = 0). data is sent msb first. figure 1. pmbus/smbus address select table 3. pmbus command codes (continued) code command name type page no. of bytes flash stored/ locked (note 2) default value (note 2) 0C11 12C15 16C20 255 (note 1) e8h mfr_seq_config block r/w r/w 4 y/y (note 5) eeh mfr_store_all write byte w w w w 1 n/y efh mfr_restore_all write byte w w w w 1 n/y f0h mfr_temp_sensor_config r/w word r/w 2 y/y 0000h fch mfr_store_single r/w word r/w r/w r/w r/w 2 n/y 0000h feh mfr_crc r/w word r/w r/w r/w r/w 2 n/y ffffh msdamscl max34451 addr r1r2 c2 r3 r4 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 17 smbus/pmbus operation examples table 4. pmbus/smbus serial-port address note: the device also responds to a slave address of 34h (this is the factory programming address); the device should not share the same i 2 c bus with other devices that use this slave address. r1 r2 r3 r4 c2 7-bit slave address 220k? 1110 100 (e8h) 220k? 1110 101 (eah) 220k? 100nf 0010 010 (24h) 22k? 100nf 0010 011 (26h) 0k? 1001 100 (98h) 220k? 1001 101 (9ah) 0k? 1011 000 (b0h) 220k? 1011 001 (b2h) 0k? 1001 110 (9ch) key: s = start sr = repeated start p = stop w = write bit (0) r = read bit (1) a = acknowledge (0) na = not acknowledge (1) shaded block = slave transaction read word format 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 1 s slave address w a command code a sr slave address r a data byte low a data byte high na p read byte format 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 s slave address w a command code a sr slave address r a data byte na p write word format 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 1 s slave address w a command code a data byte low a data byte high a p write byte format 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 1 s slave address w a command code a data byte a p send byte format 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 s slave address w a command code a p downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 18 group command the device supports the group command. with the group command, a host can write different data to multiple devices on the same serial bus with one long continuous data stream. all the devices addressed during this trans - action wait for the host to issue a stop before beginning to respond to the command. group command write format addressing the device responds to receiving its fixed slave address by asserting an acknowledge (ack) on the bus. the device does not respond to a general call address; it only responds when it receives its fixed slave address or the alert response address. see the alert and alert response address (ara) section for more details. alert and alert response address (ara) if the alert output is enabled (alert bit = 1 in mfr_mode) when a fault occurs, the device asserts the alert signal and then waits for the host to send an ara, as shown in the alert response address (ara) byte format section. alert response address (ara) byte format when the ara is received and the device is asserting alert , the device acks it and then attempts to place its fixed slave address on the bus by arbitrating the bus, since another device could also try to respond to the ara. the rules of arbitration state that the lowest address device wins. if the device wins the arbitration, it deasserts alert . if the device loses arbitration, it keeps alert asserted and waits for the host to once again send the ara. slave address, command byte, and data word for device 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 s slave address w a command code a data byte low a data byte high a u u u slave address, command byte, and data byte for device 2 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 sr slave address w a command code a data byte a u u u slave address and send byte for device 3 1 7 1 1 8 1 sr slave address w a command code a u u u u u u slave address, command byte, and data word for device n 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 1 sr slave address w a command code a data byte low a data byte high a p key: s = start sr = repeated start p = stop w = write bit (0) r = read bit (1) a = acknowledge (0) na = not acknowledge (1) shaded block = slave transaction 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 s ara 0001100 r a device slave address with lsb = 0 na p downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 19 host sends or reads too few bits if, for any reason, the host does not complete writing a full byte or reading a full byte from the device before a start or stop is received, the device does the following: 1) ignores the command. 2) sets the cml bit in status_word. 3) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). host sends or reads too few bytes for each supported command, the device expects a fixed number of bytes to be written to or read from the device. if, for any reason, less than the expected number of bytes are written to or read from the device, the device completely ignores the command and takes no action. host sends too many bytes or bits for each supported command, the device expects a fixed number of bytes to be written to the device. if for any reason, more than the expected number of bytes or bits is written to the device, the device does the following: 1) ignores the command. 2) sets the cml bit in status_word. 3) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). host reads too many bytes or bits for each supported command, the device expects a fixed number of bytes to be read from the device. if, for any reason, more than the expected number of bytes or bits is read from the device, the device does the following: 1) sends all ones (ffh) as long as the host keeps acknowledging. 2) sets the cml bit in status_word. 3) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). host sends improperly set read bit in the slave address byte if the device receives the r/ w bit in the slave address set to a one immediately preceding the command code, the device does the following (this does not apply to the ara): 1) acks the address byte. 2) sends all ones (ffh) as long as the host keeps acknowledging. 3) sets the cml bit in status_word. 4) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 5) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). unsupported command code received/host writes to a read-only command if the host sends the device a command code that it does not support, or if the host sends a command code that is not supported by the current page setting, the device does the following: 1) ignores the command. 2) sets the cml bit in status_word. 3) sets the comm_fault bit in status_cml. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). invalid data received the device checks the page, operation, and write_ protect command codes for valid data. if the host writes a data value that is invalid, the device does the following: 1) ignores the command. 2) sets the cml bit in status_word. 3) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). host reads from a write-only command when a read request is issued to a write-only command (clear_faults, store_default_ all, restore_default_all, mfr_store_all, mfr_restore_all, operation with page = 255), the device does the following: 1) acks the address byte. 2) ignores the command. 3) sends all ones (ffh) as long as the host keeps acknowledging. 4) sets the cml bit in status_word. 5) sets the data_fault bit in status_cml. 6) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled). smbus timeout if, during an active smbus communication sequence, the scl signal is held low for greater than the timeout duration (nominally 27ms), the device terminates the sequence and resets the serial bus. it takes no other action. no status bits are set. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 20 pmbus operation from a software perspective, the device appears as a pmbus device capable of executing a subset of pmbus commands. a pmbus 1.1-compliant device uses the smbus version 1.1 for transport protocol and responds to the smbus slave address. in this data sheet, the term smbus is used to refer to the electrical characteristics of the pmbus communication using the smbus physical layer. the term pmbus is used to refer to the pmbus com - mand protocol. the device employs a number of standard smbus protocols (e.g., write word, read word, write byte, read byte, send byte, etc.) to program output volt - age and warning/fault thresholds, read monitored data, and provide access to all manufacturer-specific commands. the device supports the group command. the group command is used to send commands to more than one pmbus device. it is not required that all the devices receive the same command. however, no more than one command can be sent to any one device in one group command packet. the group command must not be used with commands that require receiving devices to respond with data, such as the status_word command. when the device receives a command through this protocol, it immediately begins execution of the received command after detecting the stop condition. the device supports the page command and uses it to select which individual channel to access. when a data word is transmitted, the lower order byte is sent first and the higher order byte is sent last. within any byte, the most-significant bit (msb) is sent first and the least- significant bit (lsb) is sent last. pmbus protocol support the device supports a subset of the commands defined in the pmbus power system management protocol specification part ii - command language revision 1.1. for detailed specifications and the complete list of pmbus commands, refer to part ii of the pmbus specification available at www.pmbus.org . the supported pmbus commands and the corresponding device behavior are described in this document. all data values are represent - ed in direct format, unless otherwise stated. whenever the pmbus specification refers to the pmbus device, it is referring to the device operating in conjunction with a power supply. while the command can call for turning on or off the pmbus device, the device always remains on to continue communicating with the pmbus master and transfers the command to the power supply accordingly. data format voltage data for commanding or reading the output voltage or related parameters (such as the overvoltage threshold) are presented in direct format. direct format data is a 2-byte, twos complement binary value. direct format data can be used with any command that sends or reads a parametric value. the direct format uses an equation and defined coefficients to calculate the desired values. table 5 lists coefficients used by the device. interpreting received direct format values the host system uses the following equation to convert the value received from the pmbus devicein this case the max34451into a reading of volts, degrees celsius, or other units as appropriate: x = (1/m) x (y x 10 Cr - b) where x is the calculated real-world value in the appropriate units (v, c, etc.); m is the slope coefficient; y is the 2-byte, twos complement integer received from the pmbus device; b is the offset; and r is the exponent. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 21 table 5. pmbus command code coefficients table 6. coefficients for direct format value sending a direct format value to send a value, the host must use the following equation to solve for y: y = (mx + b) x 10 r where y is the 2-byte, twos complement integer to be sent to the unit; m is the slope coefficient; x is the real- world value, in units such as volts, to be converted for transmission; b is the offset; and r is the exponent. the following example demonstrates how the host can send and retrieve values from the device. table 6 lists the coefficients used in the following parameters. if a host wants to set the device to change the power-supply output voltage to 3.465v (or 3465mv), the corresponding vout_margin_high value is: y = (1 x 3465 + 0) x 10 0 = 3465 (decimal) = 0d89h (hex) parameter commands units resolution maximum m b r voltage vout_margin_highvout_margin_low vout_ov_fault_limit vout_ov_warn_limit vout_uv_warn_limit vout_uv_fault_limit power_good_on power_good_off read_vout mfr_vout_peak mfr_vout_min mv 1 32767 1 0 0 voltage scaling vout_scale_monitor 1/32767 1 32767 0 0 current iout_oc_fault_limit iout_oc_warn_limit read_iout mfr_iout_peak mfr_iout_avg a 0.01 327.67 1 0 2 current scaling iout_cal_gain m? 0.1 3276.7 1 0 1 temperature ot_fault_limit ot_warn_limit read_temperature_1 mfr_temperature_peak c 0.01 327.67 1 0 2 timing ton_delay ton_max_fault_limit toff_delay mfr_fault_retry mfr_ton_seq_max ms 0.2 6553.4 5 0 0 command code command name m b r 25h vout_margin_high 1 0 0 8bh read_vout 1 0 0 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 22 conversely, if the host received a value of 0d89h on a read_vout command, this is equivalent to: x = (1/1) x (0d89h x 10 -(-0) - 0) = 3465mv = 3.465v power supplies and power converters generally have no way of knowing how their outputs are connected to ground. within the power supply, all output voltages are most commonly treated as positive. accordingly, all output voltages and output-voltage-related parameters of pmbus devices are commanded and reported as positive values. it is up to the system to know that a particular output is negative if that is of interest to the system. all output-voltage-related commands use 2 data bytes. fault management and reporting for reporting faults/warnings to the host on a real-time basis, the device asserts the open-drain alert pin (if enabled in mfr_mode) and sets the appropriate bit in the various status registers. on recognition of the alert assertion, the host or system manager is expected to poll the i 2 c bus to determine the device asserting alert . the host sends the smbus ara (0001 100). the device acks the smbus ara, transmits its slave address, and deasserts alert . the system controller then communicates with pmbus commands to retrieve the fault/ warning status information from the device. see the individual command sections for more details. faults and warnings that are latched in the status registers are cleared when any one of the following conditions occur: a clear_faults command is received. the rst pin is toggled or a soft-reset is issued. bias power to the device is removed and then reapplied. one or more latched-off power supplies are only restarted when one of the following occurs: operation commands are received that turn off and turn on the power supplies, or the controln pins are toggled to turn off and then turn on the power supplies. the rst pin is toggled or a soft-reset is issued. bias power to the device is removed and then reapplied. the device responds to fault conditions according to the configuration of the mfr_fault_response command. this command determines how the device should respond to each particular fault and whether it should assert one or more of the faultn pins when a fault occurs. the mfr_fault_response command also determines whether a channel should power up if a fault is present. with the response bits in mfr_fault_response, each channel can be independently configured to either respond or not respond to each possible fault. before any power-supply channel is enabled, or the faultn outputs deasserted, the device checks for overvoltage, overcurrent, and temperature faults (but not for undervoltage) if the channel is configured for a fault response to either latchoff (response[1:0] = 01) or retry (response[1:0] = 10) in the mfr_fault_response command. only after the faults clear is the channel allowed to turn on. see table 7 for fault-monitoring states. table 7. fault-monitoring states note: device response to faults is determined by the configuration of mfr_fault_response. fault required device configuration for active monitoring when monitored overvoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring. undervoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) stop monitoring while the power supply is off; start monitoring when voltage exceeds the power_good_on level. overcurrent ? current monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 22h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring. power-up time ? sequencing enabled(select[5:0] = 10h in mfr_channel_config) monitored only during power-on sequence. overtemperature ? temperature sensor enabled (enable = 1 in mfr_temp_sensor_config) continuous monitoring. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 23 password protection the device can be password protected by using the lock bit in the mfr_mode command. once the device is locked, only certain pmbus commands can be accessed with the serial port. see table 3 for a complete list of pmbus commands. commands that have password protection return all ones (ffh), with the proper number of data bytes, when read. when the device is locked, only the page, operation, clear_faults, and mfr_serial commands can be written; all other written commands are ignored. when mfr_serial is written and the upper 4 bytes match the internally flash-stored value, the device unlocks and remains unlocked until the lock bit in mfr_mode is activated once again. the lock status bit in status_mfr_specific is always available to indicate whether the device is locked or unlocked. power-supply sequencing sequencing control for each of the 12 power-supply channels on the device is configured using the mfr_seq_config and on_off_config commands. see the descriptions of these commands for details on the exact device configuration required. power supplies can be powered up and down in any order (even across multiple devices). see the command descriptions and figure 2 for specifics on sequencing control. dual-loop sequencing the device contains two independent sequencing groups, sequence0 and sequence1. both groups do not need to be used, but every channel is assigned to one of the two groups with the seq_select bit in the mfr_ seq_config command. the two sequencing groups operate independently. sequence0 is always associ - ated with control0 and sequence1 is always asso - ciated with control1. the two sequencing groups can also be independently controlled with the operation command. with the on_off_config command, the device is configured to respond to the controln pins or the operation command (or both). when the operation command is sent to the device (when the page is set to 255), both sequence groups are con - trolled, as shown in table 8 . figure 2. sequence control logic mfr_ton_seq_max seq match select select on_off_config mfr_seq_config bits 31:16 bit 0 bits 11:8 bits 5:4 bit 14 bit 26 bit 25 bit 24 sequence0 sequence1 or and and or jk on off stop start psen0Cpsen11 powerCsupply enables seq ( optional function of psen11 ) power-on operation command control0control1 pg0/gpi0 C pg15/gpi15 fault0 fault1 (optional function of pwm7) fault2 (optional function of psen10) 16 16 global/ local select or and and and global local mfr_fault_response local0Clocal11 note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other device functions. shaded blocks are pmbus commands. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 24 power-on sequencing the activation of all power-supply channels (even across multiple devices) is initiated from a common start signal that can either be the control0 or control1 pin, or the operation command. each power-supply channel on the device can be sequenced on by one of the following methods: power is applied to the device. the control0 pin goes active. the control1 pin goes active. the operation command is received. the logic combination of power goods and gpi is valid. the seq pin signal is matched. each enabled psenn output goes active (either active high or active low, as defined in mfr_psen_config) after the associated delay time programmed in ton_ delay. the power supplies can be sequenced on in any order. each channel can be sequenced on with either time-based or event-based conditions. the output voltage of each power supply is monitored to ensure that the supply crosses the power-good-on level (as configured in the power_good_on command) within a program - mable time limit, as configured in the ton_max_fault_ limit command. this power-up time limit can be disabled by configuring ton_max_fault_limit to 0000h. for channels using event-based sequencing, the mfr_ton_ seq_max command determines the maximum time limit for the sequence-on event to occur. like the ton_max_ fault_limit, this limit can be disabled by configuring mfr_ton_seq_max to 0000h. there is a one-to-one correspondence between the rsn inputs and the psenn outputs. for example, rs6 monitors the power supply controlled by psen6. all power-on sequencing is gated by detected faults. before any power-supply channel is enabled (or the faultn output deasserted) the device checks for overvoltage, overcurrent, and temperature faults that are enabled (but not for undervoltage since the supply is off). power-off sequencing the order in which the supplies are disabled is deter - mined with the toff_delay configuration. alternatively, all the power supplies can be switched off immediately, as configured in the on_off_config command or with the operation command. as configured with the on_off_config command, either the control0 or control1 pin or the operation command is the master off switch. when either the control0 or control1 pin goes inactive, or the operation off command is received (or one of the enabled faultn pins asserted), the power supplies are sequenced off. neither the power-good (pg) or gpi logic combinations, nor the seq pin, can be used to turn off the power supplies. sequencing example as an example, figure 3 details a simple sequencing scheme consisting of four power supplies using a mixture of time-based and event-based sequencing. channels 0 and 2 use time-based sequencing and channels 1 and 5 use event-based sequencing. when either the control0 or control1 pin goes active, or the operation command is received (as defined by the on_off_ config command), psen0 is asserted after the delay time configured in ton_delay. rs0 is monitored to ensure that the psen0 supply crosses the power-good-on level (as configured in power_good_on) within a programmable time limit (as configured in ton_max_ fault_limit). psen2 operates in a similar fashion as psen0, but with a different ton_delay and a different ton_max_fault_limit. since the power-up of channels 0 and 2 are based solely on their ton_delay values, these channels are time-based. when rs2 crosses its power-good-on level, psen5 is asserted after its configured ton_delay and similarly, psen1 asserts when rs5 crosses its power-good-on level. since the power-up of channels 5 and 1 are based on the power-good states of other channels, these channels are event-based. the mfr_ton_seq_max command can be used to ensure that these events occur and the power-up sequence does not hang waiting for an event to transpire. when rs1 crosses its power-good-on level, it has been configured to generate a seq pin signal to communicate to another device to turn on one or more of its power supplies. table 8. operation command sequence control options group operation command (page = 255) on soft-off immediate off sequence0 80h or 81h 40h or 41h 00h or 01h sequence1 80h or 82h 40h or 42h 00h or 02h downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 25 multiple device connections multiple max34451 devices can be connected together to increase the system channel count. figure 4 details the recommended connection scheme. all the paralleled devices share the same controln, faultn , seq , and smbus signals. the devices all use a common signal (either the control0 or control1 pin, or the operation command) to enable/disable all the power supplies. any of the monitored power supplies can be configured with the mfr_fault_response command to activate one or more of the faultn signals and shut down all the other supplies enabled to respond to one or more of the faultn signals. the fault0 signal is always available, whereas fault1 and fault2 are optional signals. when they are enabled, the pwm7 and psen10 outputs (respectively) are disabled. the use of multiple fault signals allows more flexibility in controlling which power supplies need to shut down during a fault. user note: all devices must be configured with the same on_ off_config configuration. all devices must be powered up and reset at the same time. figure 3. sequencing example power_good_on ton_max_fault_limit ton_delay power_good_on ton_max_fault_limit ton_delay power_good_on ton_max_fault_limit ton_delay power_good_on ton_max_fault_limit toff_delay toff_delay toff_delay toff_delay notes 1 and 2 ton_delay power-down power-up control0/1 pin or operation command psen0 rs0rs2 rs5 rs1 seq psen2psen5 psen1 notes: 1. alternate power-down sequencing operation is to shut off all supplies immediately. 2. the faultn pin being asserted low can also cause a power-down sequence to occur. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 26 seq pin operation the seq pin is another optional signal. when this function is enabled, it allows multiple devices to coordinate event- based sequencing. with the mfr_channel_config command, any channel can be configured to generate one of 15 signatures. when the channel crosses its power- good-on level, it generates the needed seq signature if so enabled. with the mfr_seq_config command, any of the sequencing channels (pages 0C11) can be configured to wait for a match on the seq pin before assert - ing the psenn output. to ensure that a valid seq signal is received when it should be, the maximum allowable time is configured into the mfr_ton_seq_max command. user note: only one channel should be configured with any one particular seq signature. if two channels have the same signature, they might reach their power-good-on levels at different times and corrupt the seq signal. allow more than 15ms between consecutive seq signatures. system watchdog timer the device uses an internal watchdog timer. this timer is internally reset every 5ms. in the event the device is locked up, and the watchdog reset does not occur after 210ms, the device is automatically reset. after the reset occurs, the device reloads all configuration values that were stored to flash and begins normal operation. after the reset, the device also does the following: 1) sets the mfr bit in status_word. 2) sets the watchdog_int bit in status_mfr_ specific (for page 255). 3) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). crc memory check upon reset, the device runs an internal algorithm to check the integrity of the key internal nonvolatile memory. if the crc check fails, the device does not power up and remains in a null state with all pins high impedance but asserts the fault0 output. figure 4. multiple max34451 hardware connections scl /sda (unique address) control0 max34451 control1 hardware control pmbus control fault0 fault1 (optional) fault2 (optional) seq (optional) scl /sda (unique address) control0 max34451 control1 fault0 fault1 (optional) fault2 (optional) seq (optional) scl /sda (unique address) control0 max34451 control1 fault0 fault1 (optional) fault2 (optional) seq (optional) downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 27 table 9. page (00h) commands * pages 0C11 can also be used to configure gpi and gpo operation. pmbus commands a summary of the pmbus commands supported by the device are described in the following sections. page (00h) the device can monitor up to 16 voltages or currents, sequence up to 12 power supplies, and margin up to 12 power supplies. the device can monitor up to five temperature sensors, one internal local tempera - ture sensor, plus four external remote temperature sensors (ds75lv). all the monitoring and control is accomplished using one pmbus (i 2 c) address. send the page command with data 0C20 (decimal) to select which power supply or temperature sensor is affected by all the following pmbus commands. not all commands are supported within each page. if an unsupported command is received, the cml status bit is set. some commands are common, which means that any selected page has the same effect on and the same response from the device. see table 9 for page commands. set the page to 255 when the following pmbus commands should apply to all pages at the same time. there are only a few commands (operation, clear_ faults) where this function has a real application. page* associated control 0 power supply monitored by rs0, controlled by psen0, and margined with pwm0. 1 power supply monitored by rs1, controlled by psen1, and margined with pwm1. 2 power supply monitored by rs2, controlled by psen2, and margined with pwm2. 3 power supply monitored by rs3, controlled by psen3, and margined with pwm3. 4 power supply monitored by rs4, controlled by psen4, and margined with pwm4. 5 power supply monitored by rs5, controlled by psen5, and margined with pwm5. 6 power supply monitored by rs6, controlled by psen6, and margined with pwm6. 7 power supply monitored by rs7, controlled by psen7, and margined with pwm7. 8 power supply monitored by rs8, controlled by psen8, and optionally margined by out0 of external ds4424 at i 2 c address a0h. 9 power supply monitored by rs9, controlled by psen9, and optionally margined by out1 of external ds4424 at i 2 c address a0h. 10 power supply monitored by rs10, controlled by psen10, and optionally margined by out2 of external ds4424 at i 2 c address a0h. 11 power supply monitored by rs11, controlled by psen11, and optionally margined by out3 of external ds4424 at i 2 c address a0h. 12 adc channel 12 (monitors voltage or current) or gpi. 13 adc channel 13 (monitors voltage or current) or gpi. 14 adc channel 14 (monitors voltage or current) or gpi. 15 adc channel 15 (monitors voltage or current) or gpi. 16 internal temperature sensor. 17 external ds75lv temperature sensor with i 2 c address 90h. 18 external ds75lv temperature sensor with i 2 c address 92h. 19 external ds75lv temperature sensor with i 2 c address 94h. 20 external ds75lv temperature sensor with i 2 c address 96h. 21C254 reserved. 255 applies to all pages. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 28 operation (01h) the operation command is used to turn the power supply on and off in conjunction with the controln input pin. the operation command is also used to cause the power supply to set the output voltage to the upper or lower margin voltages. the power supply stays in the commanded operating mode until a subse - quent operation command or a change in the state of the controln pin (if enabled) instructs the power supply to change to another state. the valid operation command byte values are shown in table 10 . the operation command controls how the device responds when commanded to change the output. when the command byte is 00h, the device immediately turns the power supply off and ignores any programmed turn-off delay. when the command byte is set to 40h, 41h, or 42h the device powers down, according to the programmed turn-off delay. in table 10 , table 11 , and table 12 , act on any fault means that if any warning or fault on the selected power supply is detected when the output is margined, the device treats this as a warning or fault and responds as programmed. ignore all faults means that all warnings and faults on the selected power supply are ignored. any command value not shown in these tables is an invalid command. if the device receives a data byte that is not listed in these tables, then it treats this as invalid data, declares a data fault (sets cml bit and asserts alert ), and responds as described in the fault management and reporting section. in most cases, for power-on and power-off control, the operation command should be sent when the page is set to 255. if the page is set to 0C11, the operation command is only applied to the power supply on that page and the power supply is turned on and off using the associated ton_delay and toff_delay settings without any regard to the other supplies. for individual channel-margining control, the operation command can be used with the page set to 0C11. when the page is set to 255, the operation margining commands affect all channels. the operation command for the device contains a few special values that are not part of the pmbus standard to allow the device to offer independent control. see the shaded values in table 11 . table 10. operation (01h) command byte with page = 0C11 (when bit 3 of on_off_config = 1) note: all enabled channels must exceed power_good_on for margining to begin. command byte power supply on/off margin state 00h immediate off (no sequencing) 40h soft-off (with sequencing) 80h on margin off 94h on margin low (ignore all faults) 98h on margin low (act on any fault) a4h on margin high (ignore all faults) a8h on margin high (act on any fault) downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 29 table 11. operation (01h) command byte with page = 255 (when bit 3 of on_off_config = 1) table 12. operation (01h) command byte (when bit 3 of on_off_config = 0) note: special device operation commands are shaded; when the operation command is read, the device always responds with the standard command; all enabled channels must exceed power_good_on for margining to begin. note: the device only takes action if the supply is enabled; all enabled channels must exceed power_good_on for margining to begin; if page is set to 255, both sequence0 and sequence1 are affected. command byte power supply on/off sequence affected margin state 00h immediate off (no sequencing) sequence0 and sequence1 n/a 01h sequence0 only 02h sequence1 only 40h soft-off (with sequencing) sequence0 and sequence1 41h sequence0 only 42h sequence1 only 80h on sequence0 and sequence1 margin off 81h sequence0 only 82h sequence1 only 94h on sequence0 and sequence1 margin low (ignore all faults) 98h on margin low (act on any fault) a4h on margin high (ignore all faults) a8h on margin high (act on any fault) command byte power supply on/off margin state 00h command has no effect n/a 40h80h margin off 94h margin low (ignore all faults) 98h margin low (act on any fault) a4h margin high (ignore all faults) a8h margin high (act on any fault) downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 30 on_off_config (02h) the on_off_config command configures the combi - nation of the controln input and pmbus operation commands needed to turn the power supply on and off. this indicates how the power supply is command - ed when power is applied. the on_off_config message content is described in table 13 . the host should not modify on_off_config while the power supplies are active. the configuration of the on_off_config command applies to both control0 and control1. see figure 5 . table 13. on_off_config (02h) command byte * unless bit 5 is set (if both bits 3:2 are set), both the control0 or control1 pin and the operation command are required to turn the supplies on, and either can turn the supplies off. bit purpose value meaning 7:6 reserved. n/a always returns 000. 5 operation command and controln pin and/or select. 0 operation command is anded with controln pin if both are enabled. 1 operation command is ored with controln pin if both are enabled. 4 turn on supplies when bias is present or use the controln pin/operation command. 0 turns on the supplies (with sequencing if so conigured) as soon as bias is supplied to the device, regardless of the controln pin. 1 uses controln pins (if enabled) and/or operation command (if enabled).* 3 operation command enable. 0 on/off portion of the operation command disabled. 1 operation command enabled. 2 controln pin enable. 0 controln pin disabled. 1 controln pin enabled. 1 controln pin polarity. 0 active low (drive low to turn on the power supplies). 1 active high (drive high to turn on the power supplies). 0 controln pin turn-off action. 0 uses the programmed turn-off delay (soft-off). 1 turns off the power supplies immediately. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 31 figure 5. on_off_config logical control select sequence0 80h/40h/00h or 81h/41h/01h select or or xor operation command device power-on control0 pin and 0 01 1 and and and bit 1 bit 3 bit 2 bit 5 bit 4 on_off_config select sequence1 80h/40h/00h or 82h/42h/02h select or and xor control1 pin or 0 10 1 and and and note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other device functions. shaded blocks are pmbus commands. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 32 table 14. write_protect (10h) command byte table 15. memory transfer pmbus commands note: no fault or error is generated if the host attempts to write to a protected area. figure 6. device configuration data management clear_faults (03h) the clear_faults command is used to clear any latched fault or warning bits in the status registers that have been set and also unconditionally deasserts the alert output. this command clears all bits simultane - ously. the clear_faults command does not cause a power supply that has latched off for a fault condition to restart. the state of the psenn outputs under fault conditions are not affected by this command and changes only if commanded through the operation command or the controln pins. if a fault is still present after the clear_faults command is executed, the fault status bit is immediately set again, but alert is not reasserted. alert is only asserted again when a new fault or warn - ing is detected that occurs after the clear_faults command is executed. this command is write-only. there is no data byte for this command. write_protect (10h) the write_protect command is used to provide protection against accidental changes to the devices oper - ating memory. all supported commands can have their parameters read, regardless of the write_protect settings. the write_protect message content is described in table 14 . device coniguration data management the device stores configuration data in both nonvolatile flash memory and volatile ram. the pmbus engine manages the device configuration data. see figure 6 . the flash memory has three separate arrays for configuration parameters, whereas the ram only has a single array. when a pmbus command is written to the device, it is always written to the ram. when the device is shipped from the factory, the main and backup flash memory arrays are identical and are configured as shown in table 3 . the single array is empty. there is a set of five pmbus commands that can be used to transfer data between the flash and ram arrays. these commands are described in table 15 . command byte meaning 80h disables all writes except the write_protect command. 40h disables all writes except the write_protect, operation, and page commands. 20h disables all writes except the write_protect, operation, page, and on_off_config commands. 00h enables writes for all commands (default). pmbus command resulting memory transfer store_default_all copies ram operating to the lash main. restore_default_all copies the lash main to ram operating. mfr_store_all code = 00h copies ram operating to the lash main. code = 01h copies ram operating to the lash backup. mfr_restore_all code = 00h copies the lash main array to ram operating. code = 01h copies the lash backup to ram operating. mfr_store_single copies ram operating (single parameter) to the lash single. main configuration configuration flash ram backup operating single pmbus control and monitoring engine downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 33 store_default_all (11h) the store_default_all command instructs the device to copy ram operating to the flash main memory array. not all information is stored. only configu - ration data is stored, not any status or operational data. if an error occurs during the transfer, alert asserts if enabled and the cml bit in status_word is set to 1. no bits are set in status_cml. this command is write- only. there is no data byte for this command. when the store_default_all command is invoked, the device is unresponsive to pmbus commands and does not monitor power supplies while transferring the configuration. the time required to complete this task is listed in the electrical characteristics section. the mfr_store_single command allows a single command to be stored in much less time. user note: v dd must be above 2.9v for the device to perform the store_default_all command. restore_default_all (12h) the restore_default_all command instructs the device to copy the flash main memory array to ram operating. the restore_default_all command should only be executed when the device is not operating the power supplies. this command is write-only. there is no data byte for this command. when restore_ default_all is issued, the data is checked for validity before being transferred. if the main array is corrupt, the device sets bit 1 of status_cml and loads the backup copy. if the backup copy is corrupt, then the device sets bit 2 of status_cml and remains in a null state with all pins (except scl and sda) in high impedance. the faultn pin(s) are also asserted. to resolve the data corruption, the configuration data must be written to ram operating and store_default_all must be issued, followed by a device reset. upon a device power-on reset, or any device reset, this command is automatically executed by the device without pmbus action required. mfr_store_all (eeh) the mfr_store_all command instructs the device to copy ram operating to either the flash main memory array (code = 00h) or the flash backup memory array (code = 01h). this command is write-only. there is 1 data byte for this command, which is the code. the code is either 00h to instruct the device to copy into the main array, or 01h to copy into the backup array. all other code values are ignored. not all information is stored. only configuration data is stored, not any status or operational data. if an error occurs during the transfer, alert asserts if enabled and the cml bit in status_ word is set to 1. no bits are set in status_cml. note that if the code is 00h, then this command operates the same as store_default_all. when the mfr_store_all command is invoked, the device is unresponsive to pmbus commands and does not monitor power supplies while transferring the configuration. the time required to complete this task is listed in the electrical characteristics section. the mfr_store_single command allows a single command to be stored in much less time. user note: v dd must be above 2.9v for the device to perform the mfr_store_all command. mfr_restore_all (efh) the mfr_restore_all command instructs the device to copy either the flash main memory array (code = 00h) or the flash backup memory array (code = 01h) to ram operating. this command is write-only. there is 1 data byte for this command, which is the code. the code is either 00h to instruct the device to copy from the main array or 01h to copy from the backup array. all other code values are ignored. note that if the code is 00h, then this command operates the same as restore_default_all. the mfr_restore_all command should only be executed when the device is not operating the power supplies. when mfr_restore_all is issued, the data is checked for validity before being transferred. if the main array is corrupt, the device sets bit 1 of status_cml. if the backup array is corrupt, then the device sets bit 2 of status_cml. no other action is taken by the device. to resolve the data corruption, the configuration data must be written to ram operating and store_default_ all or mfr_store_all must be issued. code = 00h copy ram operating to lash main code = 01h copy ram operating to lash backup code = 00h copy lash main to ram operating code = 01h copy lash backup to ram operating downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 34 mfr_store_single (fch) mfr_store_single is a read/write word command that instructs the device to transfer a single configuration parameter from ram operating to the flash single memory array. the upper byte contains the page and the lower byte contains the pmbus command that should be stored. for example, if the ton_delay parameter for the power supply controlled by page 4 needs to be stored to flash, 0460h would be written with this command. when read, this command reports the last single page/ command written to flash. this command can be used while the device is operating the power supplies. if an error occurs during the transfer, alert asserts if enabled and the cml bit in status_word is set to 1. no bits are set in status_cml. the mfr_store_single command should only be invoked a maximum of 85 times before either a device reset is issued or a device power cycle occurs, or the restore_default_all command is invoked. once the mfr_store_single command is invoked, the store_default_all and mfr_store_all commands should not be used until either a device reset is issued or a device power cycle occurs, or the restore_default_all command is invoked. also, mfr_store_single should not be used for commands that are not stored in flash. see table 3 for a list of commands that are stored in flash. user note: v dd must be above 2.9v for the device to perform the mfr_store_single command. mfr_crc (feh) mfr_crc is a read/write word command that instructs the device to report the calculated 16-bit crc value of either the ram operating or the flash main or backup memory arrays. a crc value for the flash single array is not available. only one 16-bit crc is reported with each read of mfr_crc. the crc value to be reported is determined by the most previous written code value, as shown in table 16 . for example, if mfr_crc is first written with a code of 0001h, then the next read of mfr_crc reports the crc for the flash backup array. if no code value is written, than mfr_crc returns ffffh when read. see table 16 . capability (19h) the capability command is used to determine some key capabilities of the device. the capability command is read-only. the message content is described in table 17 . table 16. mfr_crc (feh) command byte table 17. capability (19h) command byte mfr_crc code value memory array crc value to be reported on next read of mfr_crc 0000h flash main 0001h flash backup 0002h ram operating bit name meaning 7 packet-error checking 0 = pec not supported. 6:5 pmbus speed 01 = maximum supported bus speed is 400khz. 4 alert 1 = device supports an alert output ( alert is enabled in mfr_mode). 0 = device does not support alert output (alert is disabled in mfr_mode). 3:0 reserved always returns 0000. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 35 vout_mode (20h) the vout_mode command is used to report the data format of the device. the device uses the direct format for all the voltage-related commands. the value returned is 40h, indicating direct data format. this command is read-only. if a host attempts to write this command, the cml status bit is asserted. see table 5 for the m, b, and r values for the various commands. vout_margin_high (25h) the vout_margin_high command loads the device with the voltage to which the power-supply output is to be changed when the operation command is set to margin high. if the power supply is already operating at margin high, changing vout_margin_high has no effect on the output voltage. the device only adjusts the power supply to the new vout_margin_high voltage after receiving a new margin-high operation command. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. if the device cannot successfully close-loop margin the power supply, the device keeps attempting to margin the supply and does the following: 1) sets the margin bit in status_word. 2) sets the margin_fault bit in status_mfr_ specific (pages 0C11). 3) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_margin_low (26h) the vout_margin_low command loads the device with the voltage to which the power-supply output changes to when the operation command is set to margin low. if the power supply is already operating at margin low, changing vout_margin_low has no effect on the output voltage. the device only adjusts the power supply to the new vout_margin_low voltage after receiving a new margin-low operation command. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. if the device cannot successfully close-loop margin the power supply, the device keeps attempting to margin the supply and does the following: 1) sets the margin bit in status_word 2) sets the margin_fault bit in status_mfr_ specific (pages 0C11) 3) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_scale_monitor (2ah) in applications where the measured power-supply volt - age is not equal to the voltage at the adc input, vout_ scale_monitor is used. for example, if the adc input expects a 1.8v input for a 12v output, vout_scale_ monitor = 1.8v/12v = 0.15. in applications where the power-supply output voltage is greater than the device input range of 2.048v, the output voltage of the power supply is sensed through a resistive voltage-divider. the resistive voltage-divider reduces or scales the output voltage. the pmbus commands specify the actual power- supply output voltages and not the input voltage to the adc. to allow the device to map between the high power- supply voltages (such as 12v) and the voltage at the adc input, the vout_scale_monitor command is used. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. this value is dimensionless. as an example, if the required scaling factor is 0.15, then vout_scale_monitor should be set to 1333h (4915/32,767 = 0.15). see table 18 . table 18. vout_scale_monitor (2ah) examples * the full-scale adc voltage on the device is 2.048v. a scaling factor where a 1.8v adc input represents a nominal 100% voltage level is recommended to allow headroom for margining. resistor-dividers must be used to measure voltage greater than 1.8v. the maximum source impedance of the resistor-divider is limited by the setting of the adc_time bits in mfr_mode. see the recommended operating conditions section for details. nominal voltage level monitored nominal adc input voltage level* resistive divider ratio vout_scale_monitor value 1.8v or less 1.8v 1.0 7fffh 2.5v 1.8v 0.72 5c28h 3.3v 1.8v 0.545454 45d1h 5v 1.8v 0.36 2e14h 12v 1.8v 0.15 1333h downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 36 iout_cal_gain (38h) the iout_cal_gain command is used to set the ratio of the voltage at the adc input to the sensed current. the units of the iout_cal_gain factor are 0.1m. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. as an example, if a 10m sense resistor is used in conjunction with a 50v/v current-sense amplifier, the iout_cal_gain should be set to 500m or 1388h. user note: the full-scale adc voltage on the device is 2.048v. the value of the sense resistor and current- sense amplifier gain must be scaled appropriately. also, the maximum voltage at the rsn inputs must be less than 4v. the maximum output impedance of the current- sense amplifier is limited by the setting of the adc_time bits in mfr_mode. see the recommended operating conditions section for details. vout_ov_fault_limit (40h) the vout_ov_fault_limit command sets the value of the output voltage that causes an output overvoltage fault. the monitored voltage must drop by at least 2% below the limit before the fault is allowed to clear. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to the vout_ov_fault_limit being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout_ov bit and the vout bit in status_ word. 2) sets the vout_ov_fault bit in status_vout. 3) responds as specified in the mfr_fault_ response. 4) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_ov_warn_limit (42h) the vout_ov_warn_limit command sets the value of the output voltage that causes an output-voltage high warning. the monitored voltage must drop by at least 2% below the limit before the warning is allowed to clear. this value is typically less than the output overvoltage thresh - old in vout_ov_fault_limit. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to the vout_ov_warn_ limit being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout bit in status_word. 2) sets the vout_ov_warn bit in status_vout. 3) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_uv_warn_limit (43h) the vout_uv_warn_limit command sets the value of the output voltage that causes an output-voltage low warning. the monitored voltage must increase by at least 2% above the limit before the warning is allowed to clear. this value is typically greater than the output undervolt - age-fault threshold in vout_uv_fault_limit. this warning is masked until the output voltage reaches the programmed power_good_on for the first time and also during turn-off when the power supply is disabled. if voltage is being monitored, this should be set to a value greater than 100mv. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to violation of the vout_uv_warn_ limit, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout bit in status_word. 2) sets the vout_uv_warn bit in status_vout. 3) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_uv_fault_limit (44h) the vout_uv_fault_limit command sets the value of the output voltage that causes an output undervoltage fault. the monitored voltage must increase by at least 2% above the limit before the fault is allowed to clear. this fault is masked until the output voltage reaches the programmed power_good_on for the first time and also during turn-off when the power supply is disabled. i f voltage is being monitored, this should be set to a value greater than 100mv. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to violation of the vout_uv_fault_ limit, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout bit in status_word. 2) sets the vout_uv_fault bit in status_vout. 3) responds as specified in mfr_fault_response. 4) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). iout_oc_warn_limit (46h) the iout_oc_warn_limit command sets the value of the current that causes an overcurrent warning. the monitored current must decrease by at least 5% below the limit before the warning is allowed to clear. this value is typically less than the overcurrent-fault threshold in iout_oc_fault_limit. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to violation of the iout_oc_warn_limit, the device does the following: 1) sets the iout bit in status_word. 2) sets the iout_oc_warn bit in status_iout. 3) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 37 iout_oc_fault_limit (4ah) the iout_oc_fault_limit command sets the value of the current that causes an overcurrent fault. the monitored current must decrease by at least 5% below the limit before the fault is allowed to clear. this fault is masked until the current is below this limit for the first time. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to violation of the iout_oc_fault_limit, the device does the following: 1) sets the iout bit in status_word. 2) sets the iout_oc_fault bit in status_iout. 3) responds as specified in the mfr_fault_ response. 4) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). ot_fault_limit (4fh) the ot_fault_limit command sets the temperature, in degrees celsius, of the selected temperature sensor at which an overtemperature fault is detected. the moni - tored temperature must drop by at least 4c below the limit before the fault is allowed to clear. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to the ot_fault_ limit being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the temperature bit in status_word. 2) sets the ot_fault bit in status_temperature register. 3) responds as specified in the mfr_fault_response. 4) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). ot_warn_limit (51h) the ot_warn_limit command sets the temperature, in degrees celsius, of the selected temperature sensor at which an overtemperature warning is detected. the monitored temperature must drop by at least 4c below the limit before the warning is allowed to clear. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. in response to the ot_warn_limit being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the temperature bit in status_word. 2) sets the ot_warn bit in status_temperature register. 3) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). power_good_on (5eh) the power_good_on command sets the value of the output voltage that the channel must exceed for a power- good state to be declared on this channel. all power supplies must also be above power_good_on for power-supply margining to begin. the power_good_ on threshold is also used to determine if ton_max_ fault_limit is exceeded. the power_good_on level is normally set higher than the power_good_ off level. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. power_good_off (5fh) the power_good_off command sets the value of the output voltage that causes the power-good state on this channel to deassert after it has been asserted. the power_good_off level is normally set lower than the power_good_on level. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. when the vout level of a power supply falls from greater than power_good_on to less than power_good_ off, the device does the following: 1) sets the power_good# bit in status_word. 2) sets the power_good# bit in status_mfr_ specific register (pages 0C11). ton_delay (60h) in the pmbus sequencing configuration, ton_delay sets the time, in milliseconds, from when a start condition is received until the psenn output is asserted. if the psenn/gpon output has been configured (with the mfr_psen_config command) as a pg/gpi or alarm, then this command can be used to delay the assertion of the output. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. toff_delay (64h) toff_delay sets the time, in milliseconds, from when a stop condition is received (a soft-off operation command, or through the controln pins when enabled) until the psenn output is deasserted. when commanded to turn off immediately (either through the operation command or the controln pins), the toff_delay value is ignored. if the psenn/gpon output has been configured (with the mfr_psen_config command) as a pg/gpi or alarm, then this command can be used to delay the deassertion of the output. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 38 figure 7. status register organization ton_max_fault_limit (62h) ton_max_fault_limit sets an upper time limit, in milliseconds, from when the psenn output is asserted until the output voltage crosses the power_good_on threshold. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. if the value is zero, then the limit is disabled. in response to the ton_max_fault_limit being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout bit in status_word. 2) sets the ton_max_fault bit in status_vout. 3) responds as specified in the mfr_fault_ response. 4) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). vout_ov_fault status_vout (pages 0C15) latch event fault_log_full status_cml (all pages) event data_fault latch event comm_fault latch event main_fault latch event backup_fault latch event vout_ov_warn latch event vout_uv_fault or or or and clear or status_temperature (pages 16C20) ot_warn event ot_fault latch latch event status_iout (pages 0C15) oc_fault latch event oc_warn latch event oror or status_mfr_specific (page 0C15) off event power_good# event margin_fault latch event status_mfr_specific (pages 255) lock event control# latch event watchdog latch event fault_input latch event latch event vout_uv_warn latch event ton_max_fault latch event status_word (all pages) latch temperature sys_off power_good# vout_ov vout cml iout_oc iout margin mfr clear_faults command alert response address (ara) received and arbitration won alert bit in mfr_mode alert output note 1: if an event is still present when the clear_faults command is issued, the bit is immediately asserted again. note 2: when the alert latch is cleared, if any events are still present, they do not reassert the alert output. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 39 status_word (79h) the status_word command returns 2 bytes of information with a summary of the reason for a fault. the status_word message content is described in table 19 . status_vout (7ah) the status_vout command returns 1 byte of informa - tion with contents, as described in table 20 . all the bits in status_vout are latched. when cleared, the bits are set again if the condition persists, or in the case of ton_max_fault, when the event occurs again. table 19. status_word (79h) note: the setting of the sys_off and power_good# bits do not assert the alert signal. table 20. status_vout (7ah) bit name meaning 15 vout an output voltage fault or warning, or ton_max_fault_limit or mfr_ton_seq_max has occurred. 14 iout an overcurrent fault or warning has occurred. 13 0 this bit always returns a 0. 12 mfr a bit in status_mfr_specific (page = 255) has been set. 11 power_good# any power-supply voltage has fallen from power_good_on to less than power_good_off (logical or of all the power_good# bits in status_mfr_specific). 10 0 this bit always returns a 0. 9 0 this bit always returns a 0. 8 margin a margining fault has occurred. 7 0 this bit always returns a 0. 6 sys_off set when any of the power supplies are sequenced off (logical or of all the off bits in status_mfr_specifc). 5 vout_ov an overvoltage fault has occurred. 4 iout_oc an overcurrent fault has occurred. 3 0 this bit always returns a 0. 2 temperature a temperature fault or warning has occurred. 1 cml a communication, memory, or logic fault has occurred. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. bit name meaning latched 7 vout_ov_fault vout overvoltage fault. yes 6 vout_ov_warn vout overvoltage warning. yes 5 vout_uv_warn vout undervoltage warning. yes 4 vout_uv_fault vout undervoltage fault. yes 3 0 this bit always returns a 0. 2 ton_max_fault ton_max_fault_limit or mfr_ton_seq_max fault. yes 1 0 this bit always returns a 0. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 40 table 21. status_iout (7bh) table 22. status_temperature (7dh) table 23. status_cml (7eh) status_iout (7bh) the status_iout command returns 1 byte of information with contents, as described in table 21 . all the bits in status_iout are latched. when cleared, the bits are set again if the condition persists. status_temperature (7dh) the status_temperature command returns 1 byte of information with contents, as described in table 22 . all the bits in status_vout are latched. when cleared, the bits are set again if the condition persists. status_cml (7eh) the status_cml command returns 1 byte of informa - tion with contents, as described in table 23 . the comm_ fault, data_fault, main_fault, and backup_ fault bits are latched. when cleared, the bits are set again when the event occurs again. the fault_log_ full bit reflects the current real-time state of the fault log. notes: when the nv fault log overwrite is enabled (nv_log_overwrite = 1 in mfr_mode), fault_log_full is set when the fault log is full, but clears when the fault log is overwritten since two fault logs are cleared before each overwrite; the setting of the backup_fault and main_fault bits do not assert the alert signal. bit name meaning latched 7 iout_oc_fault iout overcurrent fault. yes 6 0 this bit always returns a 0. 5 iout_oc_warn iout overcurrent warning. yes 4 0 this bit always returns a 0. 3 0 this bit always returns a 0. 2 0 this bit always returns a 0. 1 0 this bit always returns a 0. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. bit name meaning latched 7 ot_fault overtemperature fault. yes 6 ot_warn overtemperature warning. yes 5 0 this bit always returns a 0. 4 0 this bit always returns a 0. 3 0 this bit always returns a 0. 2 0 this bit always returns a 0. 1 0 this bit always returns a 0. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. bit name meaning latched 7 comm_fault an invalid or unsupported command has been received. yes 6 data_fault an invalid or unsupported data has been received. yes 5 0 this bit always returns a 0. 4 0 this bit always returns a 0. 3 0 this bit always returns a 0. 2 backup_fault flash backup memory array is corrupt. yes 1 main_fault flash main memory array is corrupt. yes 0 fault_log_full mfr_nv_fault_log is full and needs to be cleared. no downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 41 table 24. status_mfr_specific (80h) (for pages 0C11) table 25. status_mfr_specific (for page 255) status_mfr_specific (80h) the status_mfr_specific message content varies based on the selected page, and is described in table 24 and table 25 . note: the setting of the off and power_good# bits do not assert the alert signal. note 1: setting the lock bit does not assert the alert signal. note 2: applies to all faultn inputs. the fault status bit is set even if the faultn pin is configured in mfr_nv_log_config to ignore faultn pins. if fault1 and fault2 are disabled, they do not affect this bit. note 3: either the control0 or control1 pin can set this bit. on_off_config must be configured to use the c ontroln pins for this status bit to function. bit name meaning latched 7 off for enabled channels, this bit relects the output state of the sequencer and is set when psenn is not asserted due to either a sequencing delay or a fault, or the power supply being turned off. this bit is always cleared when the channel is disabled. if psenn is reconigured as a gpo, this bit does not relect the state of the pin. no 6 0 this bit always returns a 0. 5 0 this bit always returns a 0. 4 0 this bit always returns a 0. 3 margin_fault this bit is set if the device cannot properly close-loop margin the power supply. yes 2 power_good# this bit is set when the power-supply voltage has fallen from power_good_on to less than power_good_off. on device reset, this bit is set until the power supply is greater than power_good_on. no 1 0 this bit always returns a 0. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. bit name meaning latched 7 lock set when the device is password protected (note 1). no 6 fault_input set each time any of the faultn inputs are pulled low (note 2). yes 5 0 this bit always returns a 0. 4 watchdog_int set upon device reset when the internal watchdog has caused the device reset. yes 3 control# set each time the controln inputs are deasserted (note 3). yes 2 0 this bit always returns a 0. 1 0 this bit always returns a 0. 0 0 this bit always returns a 0. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 42 read_vout (8bh) the read_vout command returns the actual measured (not commanded) output voltage. read_vout is measured and updated every 5ms. if the rsn/gpin is configured to be a general-purpose input (gpi), by configuring the select bits in mfr_channel_config to either 30h or 34h, then read_vout reports 0000h when the gpin input is inactive and 0001h when the gpin input is active. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. read_iout (8ch) the read_iout command returns the latest measured current value. read_iout is measured and updated every 5ms. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. read_temperature_1 (8dh) the read_temperature_1 command returns the temperature returned from the temperature sensor. read_temperature_1 returns 7fffh if the sensor is faulty and 0000h if the sensor is disabled. read_ temperature_1 is measured and updated once per second. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. pmbus_revision (98h) the pmbus_revision command returns the revision of the pmbus specification to which the device is compliant. the command has 1 data byte. bits 7:4 indicate the revision of the pmbus specification part i to which the device is compliant. bits 3:0 indicate the revision of the pmbus specification part ii to which the device is compliant. this command is read-only. the pmbus_ revision value returned is always 11h, which indicates that the device is compliant with part i, rev 1.1 and part ii, rev 1.1. mfr_id (99h) the mfr_id command returns the text (iso/iec 8859-1) character of the manufacturers (maxim) identification. the default mfr_id value is 4dh (m). this command is read-only. mfr_model (9ah) the mfr_model command returns the text (iso/iec 8859-1) character of the device model number. the default mfr_model value is 59h (y). this command is read-only. mfr_revision (9bh) the mfr_revision command returns two text (iso/ iec 8859-1) characters that contain the device revision numbers for hardware (upper byte) and firmware (lower byte). this command is read-only. mfr_location (9ch) the mfr_location command loads the device with text (iso/iec 8859-1) characters that identify the facility that manufactures the power supply. the maximum number of characters is 8. this data is written to internal flash using the store_default_all command. the factory-default text string value is 10101010. mfr_date (9dh) the mfr_date command loads the device with text (iso/iec 8859-1) characters that identify the date of manufacture of the power supply. the maximum number of characters is 8. this data is written to internal flash using the store_default_all command. the factory- default text string value is 10101010. mfr_serial (9eh) the mfr_serial command loads the device with text (iso/iec 8859-1) characters that uniquely identify the device. the maximum number of characters is 8. this data is written to internal flash using the store_default_ all command. the factory default text string value is 10101010. the upper 4 bytes of mfr_serial are used to unlock a device that has been password protected. the lower 4 bytes of mfr_serial are not used to unlock a device and they can be set to any value. mfr_mode (d1h) the mfr_mode command is used to configure the device to support manufacturer-specific commands. the mfr_mode command should not be changed while power supplies are operating. the mfr_mode command is described in table 26 . downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 43 table 26. mfr_mode (d1h) bit name meaning 15:14 0 these bits always return a 0. 13 alert 0 = alert disabled (device does not respond to ara). 1 = alert enabled (device does respond to ara). 12 0 this bit always returns a 0. 11 soft_reset this bit must be set, then cleared and set again within 8ms for a soft reset to occur. 10 lock this bit must be set, then cleared and set again within 8ms for the device to become password protected. this bit is cleared when the password is unlocked. the device should only be locked and then unlocked a maximum of 256 times before either a device reset is issued or a device power cycle occurs. 9:8 0 these bits always return a 0. 7:6 adc_time[1:0] these bits select the adc conversion time: adc_time[1:0] 0001 10 11 adc conversion time 1s2s 4s 8s 5:4 adc_average[1:0] these bits select the post adc conversion averaging: adc_average[1:0] 0001 10 11 adc averaging no averaging average 2 samples average 4 samples average 8 samples 3:0 iout_avg[3:0] these bits determine the number of samples to average before reporting the value in mfr_iout_avg: iout_avg[3:0] 00000001 0010 0011 01000101 0110 0111 averaging 1 sample 2 samples4 samples 8 samples 16 samples32 samples 64 samples 128 samples iout_avg[3:0] 10001001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 averaging 256 samples512 samples 1024 samples2048 samples 4096 samples 8192 samples 16,384 samples32,768 samples downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 44 mfr_psen_config (d2h) the mfr_psen_config command is used to con - figure the individual psenn/gpon (where n = 0C11) outputs. this command should not be changed while the power supplies are operating. the mfr_psen_config command is described in table 27 and shown in figure 8 . each psenn/gpon pin can be independently configured using the select[2:0] bits to one of the following: enable and disabled power supplies (select[2:0] = 000) force pin assertion (select[2:0] = 001) force pin deassertion (select[2:0] = 010) assert when all enabled channel power-good (pg) or gpi are asserted (select[2:0] = 011) assert when any enabled alarm goes active (select[2:0] = 100) if the psenn/gpon output is configured to enable and disable power supplies (select[2:0] = 000), then the associated input channel must also be configured to monitor voltage and to sequence by setting the select bits in mfr_channel_config to 10h. see the mfr_channel_config (e4h) for more details. also, each psenn/gpon pin can be independently configured to be active high or active low and either push-pull or open drain using the hi_lo and pp_od bits, respectively. if select[2:0] = 011, the psenn/gpon output is configured to assert when some combination of power goods (pgs) and general-purpose inputs (gpis) from each channel are asserted. the channels that should be used in this combination are selected using the pg_gpi_select bits 31:16. if the pg_gpi_select bit is cleared, then the associated channel is not used in the logical combination to assert the gpon output. if the pg_gpi_select bit is set, then the pg or gpi from this channel is used in the logical combination to assert the gpon output. this function is useful in creating system power-good signals. if select[2:0] = 100, the psenn/gpon output is configured to assert when any of the enabled channel alarms goes active. the channel alarms are enabled with the alarm_select bits 31:16. if the alarm_select bit is cleared, then the alarm from this channel is blocked. if the alarm_select bit is set, the alarm from this channel is routed to an or function such that any enabled alarm asserts the gpon output. the alarm function is chosen with the alarm_config bits in the mfr_ fault_response command. this function is useful is in system debug or for enabling system status leds. table 27. mfr_psen_config (d2h) bit name meaning 31:16 pg_gpi_select alarm_select these bits are only used if select[2:0] = 011 or 100. each bit corresponds to one channel (device channel n + 16 = bit number): select[2:0] bit function 011 when this bit is cleared, the power good (pg) or gpi from channel n is not used in the logical and to assert the gpon output. when this bit is set, the pg or gpi is used. 100 when this bit is cleared, the alarm from channel n is blocked from the logical or to assert the gpon output. when this bit is set, the alarm signal is routed to the logical or. 15:8 0 these bits always return a 0. 7 pp_od 0 = psen/gpo push-pull output1 = psen/gpo open-drain output 6 hi_lo 0 = psen/gpo active low1 = psen/gpo active high 5:3 0 these bits always return a 0. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 45 table 27. mfr_psen_config (d2h) (continued) *for proper sequencing, the select bits in mfr_channel_config must set to 10h. figure 8. mfr_psen_config functional logic bit name meaning 2:0 select[2:0] these bits determine the function selected on the pin: select[2:0] 000001 010 011 100101 11x psenn/gpon pin function selected psen operation.* force gpo assertion. force gpo deassertion. pg/gpi operation (use bits 31:16). alarm operation (use bits 31:16). fault2 special function (only page 10); seq special function (only page 11). reserved. force gpo assertion force gpo deassertion ton_delay toff_delay or or and 16 10 16 16 16 16 select select 000 001 010 100 011 note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other devi ce functions. shaded blocks are pmbus commands. psenx (x = 0C 11) select alarm0 C alarm15 and and pg 0/ gpi0 C pg1 5 /gpi15 bits 31:16 bits 2:0 bit 6 bit 7 mfr_psen_config not available for seq or fault2 or force gpo assertion or deassertion not available for seq or fault2 active high/low open drai n/ push-pull psen x /gpox (x = 0C9) psen10 gpo10 fault2 psen11 gpo11 seq fault2 seq downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 46 delay function if a delay is configured either on or off, the input must be continuously static through the delay time before the output changes state. see the figure 9 . mfr_vout_peak (d4h) the mfr_vout_peak command returns the maximum actual measured output voltage. to reset this value to 0, write to this command with a data value of 0. any values written to this command are used as a comparison for future peak updates. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_iout_peak (d5h) the mfr_iout_peak command returns the maximum actual measured current. to reset this value to 0, write to this command with a data value of 0. any values written to this command are used as a comparison for future peak updates. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_temperature_peak (d6h) the mfr_temperature_peak command returns the maximum measured temperature. to reset this value to its lowest value, write to this command with a data value of 8000h. any other values written by this command are used as a comparison for future peak updates. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_vout_min (d7h) the mfr_vout_min command returns the minimum actual measured output voltage. to reset this value, write to this command with a data value of 7fffh. any values written to this command are used as a comparison for future minimum updates. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_iout_avg (e2h) the mfr_iout_avg command returns the calculated average current. the number of samples collected in the average before reporting the value in mfr_iout_avg is configured using the iout_avg bits in mfr_mode. writes to this command are ignored. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_nv_log_config (d8h) the mfr_nv_log_config command is used to configure the operation of the nonvolatile fault logging in the device. the mfr_nv_log_config command is described in table 28 . figure 9. input-to-output delay action input output on delay on delay off delay off delay downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 47 table 28. mfr_nv_log_config (d8h) * the device clears two fault logs at a time when overwrite is enabled. bit name meaning 15 force_nv_fault_log setting this bit to a 1, forces the device to log data into the nonvolatile fault log. once set, the device clears this bit when the action is completed. host must set again for subsequent action. if an error occurs during this action, the device sets the cml bit in status_word; no bits are set in status_cml. 14 clear_nv_fault_log setting this bit to a 1, forces the device to clear the nonvolatile fault log by writing ffh to all byte locations. once set, the device clears this bit when the action is completed. host must set again for subsequent action. if an error occurs during this action, the device sets the cml bit in status_word; no bits are set in status_cml. while clearing the fault log, monitoring is stopped and commands should not be sent to the pmbus port. 13:11 0 these bits always return a 0. 10 nv_log_t0_config this bit determines the source of the data written into the t0 location of each page when a nonvolatile fault log is written. 0 = log the last regular collection interval adc reading 1 = read the latest adc value before logging 9 nv_log_overwrite 0 = do not overwrite the nv fault log1 = overwrite the nv fault log once it is full* 8:7 nv_log_depth[1:0] these bits determine the depth of the nv fault log: nv_log_depth[1:0] 0001 10 11 adc result collection interval 5ms 20ms80ms 160ms nv fault log depth 15ms60ms 240ms480ms n nv_log_fault0 0 = do not write nv fault log when fault0 pin is externally pulled low. 1 = write nv fault log when fault0 pin is externally pulled low. 5 nv_log_fault1 0 = do not write nv fault log when fault1 pin is externally pulled low. 1 = write nv fault log when fault1 pin is externally pulled low and the fault1 pin is enabled. 4 nv_log_fault2 0 = do not write nv fault log when fault2 pin is externally pulled low. 1 = write nv fault log when fault2 pin is externally pulled low and the fault2 pin is enabled. 3:0 0 these bits always return a 0. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 48 mfr_fault_response (d9h) the mfr_fault_response command speci - fies the response to each fault or warning condition supported by the device. in response to a fault/warning, the device always reports the fault/warning in the appropriate status register and asserts the alert output (if enabled in mfr_mode). a cml fault cannot cause any device action other than setting the status bit and asserting the alert output. the mfr_fault_response command is described in table 30 and shown in figure 10 . for each fault type (overvoltage or overcurrent, under - voltage, sequencing error, and overtemperature), each channel can be independently configured to respond in the required manner with the response bits in mfr_ fault_response. if channels 0C11 are configured to latch off for a particular fault, the channel turns off (either immediately or after the toff_delay as configured or commanded) and also assert one or more of the faultn pins if they are enabled with bits 18:16 in mfr_fault_ response. the channel remains off and the faultn outputs remain asserted until either the master power control is toggled using the operation command or controln pins as configured in the on_off_config command or the device is reset or power cycled. when the device attempts to sequence the power supplies on, all enabled faults must be cleared before the channel is allowed to power-on or the faultn pins deasserted. if channels 12C15 are configured to latch off, they respond like channels 0C11; however, all the power supplies must be turned off before they are allowed to turn back on. if the channel is configured to retry for a particular fault, the channel turns off (either immediately or after the toff_delay as configured or commanded) and also assert one or more the faultn pins if they are enabled with bits 18:16 in mfr_fault_response. the chan - nel remains off and the faultn outputs remain asserted for the time configured in mfr_fault_retry. after the time in mfr_fault_retry expires, the device attempts to sequence the power supplies back on as long as all the enabled faults in the channel are cleared. if all the enabled faults are cleared, then the device deasserts all the faultn pins it asserted and as long as no other channels have asserted the faultn pins it has been configured to monitor with bits 26:24 in mfr_fault_ response, the power-up sequencing begins. global channels must assert a faultn pin and respond to that faultn pin for the channel to shut down. local vs. global channels with the mfr_fault_response command (bit 14), each power-supply channel can be tagged as either being local or global. when bit 14 is cleared, the channel is configured as a local channel, which means that a detected fault only affects this channel (or page). with the response bits in the mfr_fault_response command, the device can be configured to respond differ - ently to each possible fault. when bit 14 is set, the channel is configured as a global channel which means that a detected fault on this channel can assert all enabled faultn outputs. the faultn outputs that are enabled are selected with bits 18:16. only global channels respond to faultn pins that are asserted. the faultn pins that the channel should respond to are assigned with bits 26:24. local channels do not respond to the fault pins. global channels respond to faultn assertion bits 26:24 in the mfr_fault_response command are used to configure global channels to respond or ignore one or more of the faultn pins when they are asserted. when one or more of the enabled faultn pins is asserted, the channel either deasserts the psenn output immediately or after the toff_delay according to the configuration of bit 0 in the on_off_config command. the channel continues to deassert the psenn output until all enabled faultn pins deassert. when all enabled faultn pins deassert, the channel sequences on as configured if no channel faults are present. temperature fault response a temperature fault is declared when any of the enabled temperature sensors detect a fault. a temperature fault acts globally and can affect all of the power supplies. for all global supplies, the worst-case fault response of all global channels is applied. if this response is latchoff or retry, all faultn pins that are programmed to be asserted by any of the global channels will be asserted. all local channels respond independently, as programmed in that channels mfr_fault_response. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 49 table 29. fault monitoring states note: device response to faults is determined by the configuration of mfr_fault_response. fault detection before power-on sequencing before any power-supply channel is enabled or faultn output deasserted, the device checks for overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature faults (but not for undervoltage) if the channel is configured for a fault response to either latch off (response[1:0] = 01) or retry (response[1:0] = 10) in the mfr_fault_repsonse command. undervoltage faults are detected when the power supply turns on and fails to reach the power-good level, and the ton_max_fault_limit is exceeded and the device takes fault action as configured. see table 29 . logging faults into mfr_nv_fault_log if bit 15 of mfr_fault_response is set, faults are logged into the on-board nonvolatile fault log for this channel unless the response for the associated fault is con - figured to take no action (response[1:0] = 00). to keep from needlessly filling the fault log with excessive data, the following rules are applied when subsequent faults occur. when overvoltage faults occurs, subsequent overvoltage faults on this channel are not written to the fault log until either the clear_faults command is issued or a device reset occurs. the same rule applies to overcurrent, under - voltage, overtemperature, and sequencing faults (see table 30 and figure 10 ). fault required device configuration for active monitoring when monitored overvoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring undervoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) stop monitoring while the power supply is off; start monitoring when voltage exceeds the power_good_on level overcurrent ? current monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 22h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring power-up time ? sequencing enabled (select[5:0] = 10h in mfr_channel_config) monitored only during power on sequence overtemperature ? temperature sensor enabled (enable = 1 in mfr_temp_sensor_config) continuous monitoring downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 50 note 1: channels configured to monitor current must be configured as global. also pages 12C15 must be config ured as global. note 2: the filter selection does not apply to temperature or sequencing faults. note 3: all enabled temperature sensor faults are logically ored together. note 4: if the channel is configured to measure current, these bits are ignored. note 5: these bits are ignored for pages 12C15. note 6: depends on whether the channel is configured to monitor voltage or current. table 30. mfr_fault_response (d9h) bit name meaning 31:27 0 these bits always return a 0. 26 fault2_response_enable 0 = fault2 response disabled 1 = fault2 response enabled 25 fault1_response_enable 0 = fault1 response disabled 1 = fault1 response enabled 24 fault0_response_enable 0 = fault0 response disabled 1 = fault0 response enabled 23:19 0 these bits always return a 0. 18 fault2_assert_enable 0 = fault2 assertion disabled 1 = fault2 assertion enabled 17 fault1_assert_enable 0 = fault1 assertion disabled 1 = fault1 assertion enabled 16 fault0_assert_enable 0 = fault0 assertion disabled 1 = fault0 assertion enabled 15 nv_log 0 = do not log the fault into mfr_nv_fault_log 1 = log the fault into mfr_nv_fault_log 14 global 0 = local (affect only the selected page) 1 = global (note 1). 13:12 filter[1:0] continuous excursion time before a fault or warning is declared and action is taken (note 2). 00 = immediate 01 = 2ms 10 = 3ms 11 = 4ms 11 0 this bit always returns a 0. 10:8 alarm_config[2:0] see table 31. 7:6 ot_fault_limit_response[1:0] see tables 32 and 33 (note 3). 5:4 ton_max_fault_limit_response[1:0] (also applies to mfr_ton_seq_max) see tables 32 and 33 (notes 4 and 5). 3:2 vout_uv_fault_limit_response[1:0] see tables 32 and 33 (note 4). 1:0 vout_ov_fault_limit_response[1:0] iout_oc_fault_limit_response[1:0] see tables 32 and 33 (note 6). downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 51 table 31. alarm_config codes figure 10. mfr_fault_response operation alarm_config[2:0] alarm condition alarm criteria 000 none 001 sequencing fault fault only 010 undervoltage only fault only 011 undervoltage only fault or warning 100 overvoltage/overcurrent only fault only 101 overvoltage/overcurrent only fault or warning 110 undervoltage or overvoltage/overcurrent fault only 111 undervoltage or overvoltage/overcurrent fault or warning note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other devi ce functions. shaded blocks are pmbus commands. bits 13:12 bits 10:8 bits 7:0 bit 15 bit 14 bit 16 bit 17 bit 18 mfr_pwm_config mfr_psen_config 16 alarm0Calarm15 local0 C local11 and or fault0 fault2 fault1 fault0 overvoltage overcurrent undervoltage sequencing error over- temperature monitoring 16 channels filter filter 01 (latch off) latch off or retry and nv log or ov/oc 10 (retry) 11 (log only) 01 (latch off) uv seq ot and or 10 (retry) 11 (log only) 01 (latch off) 10 (retry) 11 (log only) 01 (latch off) 10 (retry) 11 (log only) internal ds75lv ds75lv ds75lv ds75lv alarm_config fault response mfr_fault_retry mfr_fault_response mfr _ nv_fault_ log global/ local select 16 and or pwm7 gpo19 fault1 select pwm7/ gpo19 16 and or select psen10/ gpo10 psen10 gpo10 fault2 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 52 table 33. mfr_fault_response codes for local channels note 1: alert is asserted if enabled when a new status bit is set. a status bit is latched when a particular fault occurs that causes a fault response. note 2: fault-free does not include undervoltage. table 32. mfr_fault_response codes for global channels note 1: alert is asserted if enabled when a new status bit is set. a status bit is latched when a particular fault occurs that causes a fault response. note 2: fault-free does not include undervoltage. response[1:0] fault response 11 ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. ? continues operation. 10 (retry) ? shuts down the power supply by deasserting the psenn output. ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. ? waits for the time conigured in mfr_fault_retry and restarts the supply if fault-free (note 2). 01 (latch off) ? latches off the power supply by deasserting the psenn output. ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. 00 ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? continues operation without any action. response[1:0] fault response 11 ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. ? continues operation. 10 (retry) ? asserts all enabled faultn outputs. ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. ? waits for the time conigured in mfr_fault_retry and then deassert the faultn outputs that were asserted if fault-free (note 2). 01 (latch off) ? asserts all enabled faultn outputs. ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? logs fault into mfr_nv_fault_log if nv_log = 1. 00 ? sets the corresponding fault bit in the appropriate status register (note 1). ? continues operation without any action. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 53 figure 11. mfr_nv_fault_log alarm output functionality any of the gpon pins can be configured to output the alarm signals. see the mfr_pwm_config and mfr_psen_config commands for details. when an undervoltage or overvoltage/overcurrent alarm is occur - ring, the output remains asserted as long as the alarm continues. when a sequencing fault occurs, the alarm pin remains asserted until either a clear_faults command is received, or a master power control off input is received with either the operation command or the controln pins. mfr_fault_retry (dah) the mfr_fault_retry command sets the delay time between a fault occurring that results in a power supply being shut down for retry and the power supply restart - ing. this command value is used for all fault responses that require delay retry. the retry timer starts when the fault occurs. if the faulty channel has been configured to assert one or more faultn pins, the faultn pins are asserted until the retry timer expires, and then they are allowed to deassert as long as no enabled faults are still present and no other channel sharing the same faultn pins have not also asserted. mfr_fault_retry should be configured with a value larger than the largest system toff_delay. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. mfr_nv_fault_log (dch) each time the mfr_nv_fault_log command is executed, the device returns a block of 255 bytes containing one of the 15 nonvolatile fault logs. the mfr_nv_fault_log command must be executed 15 times to dump the complete nonvolatile fault log. if the returned fault log is all ffs (except bytes 0 and 1), this indicates that this fault log has not been written by the device. as the device is operating, it is reading the latest operating conditions for voltage, current, and temperature and updating the status registers. all this information is stored in on-board ram. when a fault is detected (if so enabled in mfr_fault_response), the device automatically logs this information to one of the 15 nonvolatile fault logs. after 15 faults have been written, bit 0 of status_cml is set and the device can be con - figured (with the nv_log_overwrite bit in mfr_nv_ log_config) to either stop writing additional fault logs or write over the oldest data. the host can clear the fault log by setting the clear_nv_fault_log bit in mfr_ nv_log_config. if a power supply is not enabled to measure voltage, current, or if a temperature sensor is disabled, the associated fault log position returns 0000h (see figure 11 ). ram fault_log_index fault_log_count mfr_time_count status_word status_vout/status_iout status_mfr_specific status_cml status_temperature read_vou t/read_iout (3 readings) read_temperature_1 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak mfr_temperature_peak mfr_vout_min each fault is written into the next fault log each command read accesses the next fault log fault occurrence mfr _ nv_fault_ log fault log index 0 (255 bytes) fault log index 1 (255 bytes) fault log index 2 (255 bytes) fault log index 14 (255 bytes) flash downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 54 table 34. mfr_nv_fault_log (dch) there is a fault_log_count (16-bit counter) at the beginning of each fault log that indicates which fault log is the latest. this counter rolls over should more than 65,535 faults be logged. this counter is not cleared when the clear_nv_fault_log bit in mfr_nv_log_ config is toggled. the 255 bytes returned by the mfr_ nv_fault_log command are described in table 34 . if an error occurs while the device is attempting to write to or clear the mfr_nv_fault_log, the device sets the cml bit in status_word (no bits are set in status_ cml) and alert is asserted (if enabled in mfr_mode). user note: v dd must be above 2.9v for the device to clear or log data into mfr_nv_fault_log. byte parameter byte parameter 0 00h/fault_log_index 128 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 11 2 fault_log_count 130 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 11 4 mfr_time_count (lsw) 132 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 12 6 mfr_time_count (msw) 134 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 12 8 0000h 136 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 12 10 status_cml/00h 138 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 13 12 status_word 140 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 13 14 status_vout/status_iout pages 0/1 142 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 13 16 status_vout/status_iout pages 2/3 144 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 14 18 status_vout/status_iout pages 4/5 146 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 14 20 status_vout/status_iout pages 6/7 148 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 14 22 status_vout/status_iout pages 8/9 150 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 15 24 status_vout/status_iout pages 10/11 152 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 15 26 status_vout/status_iout pages 12/13 154 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 15 28 status_vout/status_iout pages 14/15 156 0000h 30 status_mfr_specific pages 0/1 158 0000h 32 status_mfr_specific pages 2/3 160 0000h 34 status_mfr_specific pages 4/5 162 0000h 36 status_mfr_specific pages 6/7 164 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 0 38 status_mfr_specific pages 8/9 166 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 1 40 status_mfr_specific pages 10/11 168 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 2 42 status_mfr_specific pages 12/13 170 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 3 44 status_mfr_specific pages 14/15 172 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 4 46 status_mfr_specific page 255/00h 174 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 5 48 status_temperature pages 16/17 176 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 6 50 status_temperature pages 18/19 178 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 7 52 status_temperature page 20/00h 180 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 8 54 current_channels (note 4) 182 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 9 56 0000h 184 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 10 58 0000h 186 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 11 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 55 table 34. mfr_nv_fault_log (dch) (continued) note 1: log_valid is set to ddh if the fault log contains valid data. note 2: for read_vout, read_iout, t2 is the oldest reading and t0 is the newest reading. note 3: status_vout/status_iout and read_vout/status_iout depend on whether the channel is configured to mo nitor voltage or current. note 4: current_channels is a bitmask (0 = voltage/1 = current) indicating which channels are enabled for c urrent measurement. byte parameter byte parameter 60 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 0 (notes 2, 3) 188 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 12 62 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 0 (notes 2, 3) 190 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 13 64 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 0 (notes 2, 3) 192 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 14 66 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 1 194 mfr_vout_peak/mfr_iout_peak page 15 68 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 1 196 mfr_vout_min page 0 70 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 1 198 mfr_vout_min page 1 72 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 2 200 mfr_vout_min page 2 74 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 2 202 mfr_vout_min page 3 76 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 2 204 mfr_vout_min page 4 78 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 3 206 mfr_vout_min page 5 80 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 3 208 mfr_vout_min page 6 82 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 3 210 mfr_vout_min page 7 84 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 4 212 mfr_vout_min page 8 86 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 4 214 mfr_vout_min page 9 88 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 4 216 mfr_vout_min page 10 90 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 5 218 mfr_vout_min page 11 92 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 5 220 mfr_vout_min page 12 94 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 5 222 mfr_vout_min page 13 96 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 6 224 mfr_vout_min page 14 98 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 6 226 mfr_vout_min page 15 100 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 6 228 0000h 102 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 7 230 0000h 104 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 7 232 read_temperature_1 page 16 106 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 7 234 read_temperature_1 page 17 108 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 8 236 read_temperature_1 page 18 110 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 8 238 read_temperature_1 page 19 112 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 8 240 read_temperature_1 page 20 114 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 9 242 mfr_temperature_peak page 16 116 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 9 244 mfr_temperature_peak page 17 118 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 9 246 mfr_temperature_peak page 18 120 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 10 248 mfr_temperature_peak page 19 122 read_vout/read_iout t1 page 10 250 mfr_temperature_peak page 20 124 read_vout/read_iout t2 page 10 252 0000h 126 read_vout/read_iout t0 page 11 254 log_valid (note 1) downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 56 mfr_time_count (ddh) the mfr_time_count command returns the current value of a real-time counter that increments every 5ms, 20ms, 80ms, or 160ms depending on the configuration of the nv_log_depth bits in mfr_nv_log_config. this counter is useful in determining the time between multiple faults. the counter is a 32-bit value that rolls over. the count is reset to zero upon device power cycle or rst action, or a soft-reset. mfr_time_count can be preset to any value and starts counting up from the preset value. mfr_channel_config (e4h) the mfr_channel_config command is used to configure the monitoring channels (pages 0C15). this command should not be changed while the power supplies are operating. the mfr_channel_config command is described in table 35 and shown in figure 12 . each rsn/gpin pin can be independently configured using the select[5:0] bits to one of the following: monitor voltage; use the monitored voltage for sequencing (select[5:0] = 10h) monitor voltage; do not use for sequencing (select[5:0] = 20h) monitor current (select[5:0] = 22h) read voltage only; do not monitor for voltage faults or warnings (select[5:0] = 21h) read current only; do not monitor for current faults or warnings (select[5:0] = 23h) general-purpose input (gpi); active low (select[5:0] = 30h) general-purpose input (gpi); active high (select[5:0] = 34h) input is disabled (select[5:0] = 00h) if the monitoring channel is configured to monitor volt - age for sequencing (select[5:0] = 10h), then the associated psenn output channel must also be config - ured for controlling power supplies by setting the select bits in mfr_psen_config to 000. see the mfr_ psen_config command description for more details. when the rsn/gpin pins are configured as general- purpose inputs (gpis) the read_vout command reports 0000h when the pin is inactive and 0001h when the pin is active. also, when the rsn/gpin pins are configured to monitor voltage (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h) or act as gpi (select[5:0] = 30h or 34h), each channel can be independently configured to generate a signature signal at the seq output. this would facilitate event- based sequencing (in multiple device systems), by indi - cating that this power supply has reached its power_ good_on level and other channels can now proceed with their power-up. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 57 table 35. mfr_channel_config (e4h) table 36. fault-monitoring states *for proper sequencing, the select bits in mfr_psen_config must be set to 000. note: device response to faults is determined by the configuration of mfr_fault_response. bit name meaning 15:12 0 these bits always return a 0. 11:8 seq_generate these bits determine which seq signature the channel should generate after crossing the power_good_on level: 0000 disabled 1000 signature 8 0001 signature 1 1001 signature 9 0010 signature 2 1010 signature 10 0011 signature 3 1011 signature 11 0100 signature 4 1100 signature 12 0101 signature 5 1101 signature 13 0110 signature 6 1110 signature 14 0111 signature 7 1111 signature 15 7:6 0 these bits always return a 0. 5:0 select[5:0] these bits select the function of the rsn/gpin pins: select[5:0] selected channel function 010000 (10h) sequencing + voltage monitoring (only valid for pages 0C11)* 100000 (20h) voltage monitoring (no sequencing) 100010 (22h) current monitoring 100001 (21h) voltage read only 100011 (23h) current read only 110000 (30h) general-purpose input active low 110100 (34h) general-purpose input active high 000000 (00h) disabled fault required device configuration for active monitoring when monitored overvoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring. undervoltage ? voltage monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 10h or 20h in mfr_channel_config) stops monitoring while the power supply is off; starts monitoring when voltage exceeds the power_good_on level. overcurrent ? current monitoring enabled (select[5:0] = 22h in mfr_channel_config) continuous monitoring. power-up time ? sequencing enabled (select[5:0] = 10h in mfr_channel_config) monitored only during power-on sequence. overtemperature ? temperature sensor enabled (enable = 1 in mfr_temp_sensor_config) continuous monitoring. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 58 figure 12. mfr_channel_config command pg0Cpg15 mfr_fault_response mfr_fault_response vout_scale_monitor power_good_on power_good_off logic level (active high/low) seq generate select or mfr_psen_config read_vout gpi0Cgpi15 seq vout_ov_fault_limit vout_ov_warn_limit vout_uv_fault_limit vout_uv_warn_limit iout_cal_gain read_iout iout_oc_fault_limit iout_oc_warn_limit vout_scale_monitor read_vout iout_cal_gain read_iout read_vout mfr_channel_config note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other devi ce functions. shaded blocks are pmbus command psen11 gpo11 seq psen1 1/ gpo11 16 voltage monitor select = 10h or 20h current monitor select = 22h voltage read-only select = 21h current read-only select = 23h general-purpose input select = 30h or 34h disabled select = 00h rs0Crs15 gpi0Cgpi15 0000h when inactive 0001h when active bits 11:8 bits 5:0 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 59 mfr_ton_seq_max (e6h) the mfr_ton_seq_max command sets an upper limit, in milliseconds, from a sequencing group (either sequence0 or sequence1, as chosen by the seq_ select bit in the mfr_seq_config command), initi - ating the power-up sequence until the channel expects to begin its power-up based on an event, which could be either a logic combination of power-good (pg) and gpi signals or a match on the seq pin, as configured with the select bits in mfr_seq_config. the 2 data bytes are in direct format. if this value is zero, then the limit is disabled. in response to the mfr_ton_seq_max being exceeded, the device does the following: 1) sets the vout bit in status_word. 2) sets the ton_max_fault bit in status_vout. 3) responds as specified in the mfr_fault_ response. 4) notifies the host using alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). mfr_pwm_config (e7h) the mfr_pwm_config command is used to configure the individual pwmx/gpoy (x = 0C7/y = 12C19) outputs. this command should not be changed while the power supplies are being pwm margined. the mfr_pwm_ config command is described in table 37 and shown in figure 13 . each pwmn/gpon pin can be independently configured using the select[2:0] bits to perform one of the following: pwm margining operation (select[2:0] = 000) force pin assertion (select[2:0] = 001) force pin deassertion (select[2:0] = 010) assert when all enabled channel power-good (pg) or gpi are asserted (select[2:0] = 011) assert when any enabled alarm goes active (select[2:0] = 100) also, each pwmn/gpon pin can be independently config - ured to be active high or active low and either push-pull or open drain using the hi_lo and pp_od bits, respectively. if select[2:0] = 011, the pwmn/gpon output is config - ured to assert when some combination of power-goods (pgs) and gpis from each channel are asserted. the channels that should be used in this combination are selected using the pg_gpi_select bits 31:16. if the pg_gpi_select bit is cleared, then the associated channel is not used in the logical combination to assert the gpo output. if the pg_gpi_select bit is set, then the pg or gpi from that channel is used in the logical combi - nation to assert the gpon output. this function is useful in creating system power-good signals. if select[2:0] = 100, the pwmn/gpon output is config - ured to assert when any of the enabled channel alarms go active. the channel alarms are enabled with the alarm_select bits 31:16. if the alarm_select bit is cleared, then the alarm from that channel is blocked. if the alarm_select bit is set, then the alarm from that channel is routed to an or function, such that any enabled alarm asserts the gpon output. the alarm function is chosen with the alarm_config bits in the mfr_ fault_response command. this function is useful for system debug or for enabling system status leds. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 60 table 37. mfr_pwm_config (e7h) bit name meaning 31:16 pg_gpi_select alarm_select these bits are only used if select[2:0] = 011 or 100; each bit corresponds to one channel (device channel n + 16 = bit number): select[2:0] bit function 011 when this bit is cleared, the power good (pg) or gpi from channel n is not used in the logical and to assert the gpon output. when this bit is set, the pg or gpi is used. 100 when this bit is cleared, the alarm from channel n is blocked from the logical or to assert the gpo output. when this bit is set, the alarm signal is routed to the logical or. 15:12 off_delay these bits determine the delay time to pin deassertion; when the pin is operating as a pgn/gpin or alarm pin (select[2:0] = 011 or 100): off_delay[3:0] delay time off_delay[3:0] delay time 0000 0ms 1000 200ms 0001 5ms 1001 400ms 0010 10ms 1010 600ms 0011 20ms 1011 800ms 0100 40ms 1100 1000ms 0101 60ms 1101 1500ms 0110 80ms 1110 2000ms 0111 100ms 1111 4000ms 11:8 on_delay these bits determine the delay time to pin assertion; when the pin is operating as a pgn/gpin or alarm pin (select[2:0] = 011 or 100): on_delay[3:0] delay time on_delay[3:0] delay time 0000 0ms 1000 200ms 0001 5ms 1001 400ms 0010 10ms 1010 600ms 0011 20ms 1011 800ms 0100 40ms 1100 1000ms 0101 60ms 1101 1500ms 0110 80ms 1110 2000ms 0111 100ms 1111 4000ms 7 pp_od 0 = pwmn/gpon push-pull output1 = pwmn/gpon open-drain output 6 hi_lo 0 = pwmn/gpon active low1 = pwmn/gpon active high 5:3 0 these bits always return a 0. 2:0 select[2:0] these bits determine the function selected on the pin: select[2:0] pwmn/gpon pin selected function 000 pwm operation 001 force gpo assertion 010 force gpo deassertion 011 pg/gpi operation (use bits 31:16) 100 alarm operation (use bits 31:16) 101 fault1 special function (only page 7) 11x reserved downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 61 figure 13. mfr_pwm_config functional logic delay function if a delay is configured either on or off, the input must be continuously static through the delay time before the output changes state (see figure 9 ). mfr_seq_config (e8h) the mfr_seq_config command is used to configure the sequencing channels (pages 0C11). this command should not be changed while the power supplies are operating. the mfr_seq_config command is described in table 38 and shown in figure 2 . each channel can be independently configured to initiate power-on sequencing, using the select[1:0] bits, to one of the following conditions: wait for either sequence0 or sequence1 from on_off_config decode (select[1:0] = 00) wait for all enabled channel power-good (pg) or gpi to be asserted (select[1:0] = 01) wait for a match on the seq pin (select[2:0] = 10) if select[1:0] = 00, then the channel waits for either the sequence0 or sequence1 signal to assert before powering on. the sequence signal to use is selected with the seq_select bit. the sequence0 and sequence1 signals are generated by decoding the operation command and controln pins using the on_off_config command. see the on_off_ config command description for details. this selection would be used if the channel is being controlled by time- based sequencing. if select[1:0] = 01, then sequencing for the channel is initiated when some combination of power-goods (pgs) and general-purpose inputs (gpis) are asserted. the channels that should be used in this combination are selected using the pg_gpi_select bits 31:16. if the pg_gpi_select bit is cleared, then the associated channel is not used in the logical combination to assert the gpon output. if the pg_gpi_select bit is set, then the power good or gpi from the channel is used in the logical combination to initiate the power-on sequencing. this selection would be used if the channel is being con - trolled by event-based sequencing. if select[1:0] = 10, then sequencing is initiated when the channel matches the selected signature on the seq pin. the signature to match on is selected with the seq_match bits. the seq signal is used to facilitate event-based sequencing in multiple-device systems. this selection would be used if the channel is being controlled by event-based sequencing. force gpo assertion force gpo deassertion on_delay off_delay or or and 16 6 16 16 16 16 select 000 001 010 100 011 note: signals listed in italics are internal signals that connect to other devi ce functions. shaded blocks are pmbus commands. pwmx (x = 0C7) select alarm0 C alarm15 and and pg 0/ gpi0 C pg1 5 /gpi15 bits 31:16 bits 2:0 bit 6 bits 15:8 bit 7 mfr_pwm_config not available for pwmn or fault1 or force gpo assertion or deassertion not available for pwmn or fault1 active high/low open drai n/ push-pull pwmx/gpoy (x = 0C6) (x = 12C18) pwm7 gpo19 fault1 fault1 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 62 table 38. mfr_seq_config (e8h) mfr_margin_config (dfh) the mfr_margin_config command configures both the digital pwmn outputs (pwm0Cpwm7) and the external ds4424 current dac (if present) to margin the associated power supplies. if the pwmn/gpon pin is configured with mfr_pwm_config for any function besides pwm operation, this selection overrides the margining functionality. the mfr_margin_config command is described in table 39 . power-supply margining operation for the power supplies connected to psen0Cpsen7 (pages 0C7), power-supply margining is implemented using the pwm0Cpwm7 outputs, respectively. the pwm frequency is 312.5khz. for power supplies connected to psen8Cpsen11 (pages 8C11), power-supply margin - ing is implemented using the external ds4424 dac out - puts according table 40 . the device close-loop controls the pwm duty cycle or dac output current setting to margin the power supply. when margining is not active, the pwmn and dac outputs are high impedance. bit name meaning 31:16 pg_gpi_select these bits are only used if select[1:0] = 01; each bit corresponds to one channel (device channel n + 16 = bit number):when these bits are cleared, the power good (pg) or gpi from channel n is not used in the logical and to initiate power-on sequencing. when these bits are set, the pg or gpi is used. 15:12 0 these bits always return a 0. 11:8 seq_match these bits determine which seq signature the channel must match before initiating power on sequencing: 0000 disabled 1000 signature 8 0001 signature 1 1001 signature 9 0010 signature 2 1010 signature 10 0011 signature 3 1011 signature 11 0100 signature 4 1100 signature 12 0101 signature 5 1101 signature 13 0110 signature 6 1110 signature 14 0111 signature 7 1111 signature 15 7:6 0 these bits always return a 0. 5:4 select[1:0] these bits determine the signal that initiates power-on sequencing: selected power-on select[1:0] sequencing control signal sequencing type 00 sequence0 or sequence1 (use bit 0) time based 01 pg/gpi logic combination (use bits 31:16) event based 10 seq match (use bits 11:8) event based 11 reserved 3:1 0 these bits always return a 0. 0 seq_select 0 = sequence01 = sequence1 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 63 table 39. mfr_margin_config (dfh) table 40. power-supply dac outputs the device margins the power supplies when operation is set to one of the margin states. margining of the supplies does not begin until all power supplies have exceeded their programmed power_good_on levels. when this happens, the pwm or dac output is enabled and margin - ing is initiated. the device then averages four samples of v out for a total time of 20ms. if the measured v out and the target (set by either vout_margin_high or vout_margin_low) differ by more than 1%, the pwm duty cycle or the dac setting is adjusted by one step. the direction of the duty-cycle adjustment is determined by the slope bit in mfr_margin_config. all changes to the dac setting are made after averaging four samples of v out over a 20ms period. when the operation command deactivates margining, and the margining has been running with the ignore all faults condition, the device does not begin monitoring for faults for 100ms after the margin off input is received to allow time for the power supplies to return to a normal condition. margining faults the device detects two possible margining faults. first, if the initial pwm duty cycle or dac step causes v out to exceed the target value (either high or low, depend - ing on whether the device has been instructed to margin high or low, respectively), this creates a fault. second, if the target value cannot be reached when the pwm duty cycle or dac reaches zero or full scale, this also creates a fault. if either margining fault occurs, the device continues attempting to margin the power supply and does the following: 1) sets the margin bit in status_word. 2) sets the margin_fault bit in status_mfr_ specific (pages 0C11). 3) notifies the host through alert assertion (if enabled in mfr_mode). if a communication error occurs between the max34451 and the external ds4424, a fault occurs when the max34451 attempts to set the dac to full scale and the target margin value is not reached. dc_dac value the dc_dac value for the channels controlled by the pwmn outputs can be determined by the following formula. the dc_dac value for the channels controlled by the external current dac is automatically configured by the device and set to 0x00h. pwm dc_dac value = 256 x (v fb /v dd ) where v fb is the power-supply feedback node voltage and v dd is the supply voltage. example: v fb = 0.8v, v dd = 3.3v pwm dc_dac value = 256 x (0.8/3.3) = 62d = 0x3eh bit name meaning 15 slope dac and pwm setting to resulting voltage relationship:0 = negative slope dac source current results in a lower voltage increasing pwm duty cycle results in a lower voltage 1 = positive slope dac source current results in a higher voltage decreasing pwm duty cycle results in a higher voltage 14 open_loop 0 = normal closed-loop margining1 = pwm duty cycle or dac value set constantly to the dc_dac value when margining invoked 13:8 0 these bits always return a 0. 7:0 dc_dac this 8-bit value has two purposes: 1) with pwm margining, it is used as the initial pwm duty cycle when the device begins to margin a power supply either up or down. 2) when bit 14 is set, this value is used to set the pwm duty cycle or the external current dac level. page power supply ds4424 output 8 psen8 out0 9 psen9 out1 10 psen10 out2 11 psen11 out3 downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 64 pwm/dac margining component selection the external components needed to realize the margin - ing circuitry for both the pwm outputs and the current dac outputs are shown in figure 14 and described in the formulas below: pwm r = (v fb - 0.3)/(i fb x margining range x 120%) where v fb is the feedback node voltage and i fb is the feedback node current.example: v fb = 0.8v, i fb = 10a, margining range = 12% pwm r value = (0.8 C 0.3)/(10a x 12% x 120%) = 417k dac r fs = (7.75)/(i fb x margining range x 120%) where i fb is the feedback node current. example: i fb = 500a, margining range = 15% dac rfs value = (7.75)/(500a x 15% x 120%) = 86k? note: 40k < r fs < 160k temperature sensor operation the device can monitor up to five different temperature sen - sors, four external sensors, plus its own internal tempera - ture sensor. the external temperature sensors are all con - nected in parallel to the master i 2 c port (msda and mscl pins). the device can support up to four ds75lv devices. each of the enabled temperature sensors are measured once per second. the internal temperature sensor is averaged four times to reduce the effect of noise. each time the device attempts to read a temperature sensor, it checks for faults. for the internal temperature sensor, a fault is defined as reading greater than +130c or less than -60c. for the i 2 c temperature sensors, a fault is defined as a communication access failure. temperature- sensor faults are reported by setting the temperature reading to 7fffh. a temperature-sensor fault results in the setting of the temperature bit in status_word and alert is asserted (if enabled in mfr_mode). no bits are set in status_temperature. on reset of the device, if the device cannot initialize the external ds75lv device, the temperature bit in status_word is set and alert is asserted (if enabled in mfr_mode), but the device does not attempt to reinitialize the ds75lv until 8000h is written to mfr_temp_sensor_config. reading disabled temperature sensors returns a fixed value of 0000h. up to four ds75lv digital temperature sensors can be controlled by the max34451. the a0Ca2 pins on the ds75lv should be configured as shown in table 41 . the thermostat function on the ds75lv is not used and hence the o.s. output should be left open circuit. mfr_temp_sensor_config (f0h) the mfr_temp_sensor_config command is used to configure the temperature sensors. the mfr_temp_ sensor_config command is described in table 42 . fs r fs i fb v fb r v out pwmn power supply ripple filter max34451 fb/trim 4.7k ? 10nf i fb v out out power supply ds4424 fb/trim figure 14. margining hardware configurations downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 65 table 41. ds75lv address pin configuration table 42. mfr_temp_sensor_config (f0h) applications information v dd , v dda , and reg18 decoupling to achieve the best results when using the device, decouple v dd and v dda power inputs each with a 0.1f capacitor. if possible, use a high-quality, ceramic, surface-mount capacitor. surface-mount components minimize lead inductance, which improves performance, and ceramic capacitors tend to have adequate high- frequency response for decoupling applications. decouple the reg18 regulator output using 1f and 10nf capacitors with a maximum esr of 500m. open-drain pins msda, mscl, scl, sda, faultn , seq , and alert are open-drain pins and require external pullup resistors connected to v dd to realize high logic levels. psen0Cpsen11 can be user-configured as either cmos push-pull or open-drain outputs. when configured as open drain (see mfr_psen_config), external pullup resistors connected to v dd are required to realize high logic levels.keep-alive circuit in systems where the power to the device may not always be present, a keep-alive circuit consisting of a schottky diode and a bulk capacitor can be added to allow the device time to orderly shut down the power supplies it is controlling before power is lost. coniguration port some applications require the ability to configure the device when the device has been mounted on a pcb. in such applications, a 3- or 4-wire header can be added to allow access to the slave i 2 c pins. resistor-dividers and source impedance for rsn inputs the maximum full-scale voltage on the adc inputs is 2.048v (nominal). a resistor-divider must be used to measure voltages greater than 1.8v. the maximum source impedance to the rsn inputs is determined by the adc_time bits in mfr_mode. see the recommended operating conditions section for more details. protecting input pins in applications where voltages can be applied to the rsn or controln signals, when v dd or v dda is grounded, a series 100? resistor is recommended to protect the device by limiting power dissipation. exposed pad grounding the device uses the exposed pad of the tqfn package as the common ground (v ss ) for the entire device. the exposed pad must be connected to the local ground plane. page max34451 temp sensor ds75lv address pin configuration a2 a1 a0 16 max34451 internal 17 ds75lv (address 90h) 0 0 0 18 ds75lv (address 92h) 0 0 1 19 ds75lv (address 94h) 0 1 0 20 ds75lv (address 96h) 0 1 1 bit name meaning 15 enable 0 = temperature sensor disabled 1 = temperature sensor enabled 14:0 0 these bits always return a 0. downloaded from: http:///
max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 66 typical operating circuit package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 56 tqfn-ep t5677+2 21-0144 90-0043 max34451 msdamscl psen0C psen11 v dda v dd ds4424 i 2 c 4-channel current dac (i 2 c address a0h) optional margining support for channels 8C11 ds75lv i 2 c temp sensor (i 2 c addresses 90/92/94/96h) optional keep alive optional optional configuration access optional remote temp sensors (up to 4) sdascl alert addr 3.3v rst fault0control0 control1 reg18 v ss (ep) host interface power control pwm0C pwm7 rsg0rsg1 only requiredif the monitored voltage is > 1.8v power supply current- sense amplifier optional current monitoring load in out trim en rs0Crs15 downloaded from: http:///
maxim integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim integrated product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and speciications without n otice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. maxim integrated and the maxim integrated logo are trademarks of maxim integrated products, inc. max34451 pmbus 16-channel v/i monitor and 12-channel sequencer/marginer ? 2015 maxim integrated products, inc. 67 revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 3/13 initial release 1 8/13 added v dd rise time and v dd source impedance to recommended operating conditions table, updated the 7-bit slave addresses in table 4 2, 17 2 5/15 updated beneits and features section and moved ordering information to page 1 1, 66 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim integrateds website at www.maximintegrated.com. downloaded from: http:///

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