sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 1 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 28v dc solid state power controller module description: these high power solid state power co ntroller (sspc) modules ar e designed to operate with minimal losses and heat-sinking / airflow. they have an isolated case easing the installation process. high current bus bar terminals are used to provide good, low-drop interf ace for the high current input / output. they are microcontroller-based solid state relays rated up to 150a designed to be used in high reliability 28v dc applications. these modules have integrated current sensing with no de-rating over the full operating temperature range. these modules are the electronic eq uivalent to electromechanical circuit breakers with isolated control and status. this series is supplied in 2 sspc current ratings of 150a and 130a. SPDP150D28: 150a current rating spdp130d28: 130a current rating compliant documents & standards: mil-std-704f aircraft electrical power characteristics 12 march 2004 mil-std-217f, notice 2 reliability prediction of electronic equipment 28 feb 1995 module features: ? extremely low power loss, no de-rating over the full temperature range ? avalanche rated mosfets to handle high levels of line spike ? low weight (325 gms typ) ? potted module ? solid state reliability ? high power density electrical features: ? 28vdc input with very low voltage drop; 225mv, typ. @ 150a ? true i 2 t protection up to 10x rating with nuisance trip suppression ? instant trip protection (1 msec typ) for loads above 9x rating ? unlimited interrupt capability; repetitive fault handling capability ? thermal memory ? internally generated isolated supply to drive the switch ? low vbias current: 32 ma typ @ 5v dc ? high control circuit isolation: 750v dc control to power circuit ? soft turn-on to reduce emc issues ? emi tolerant => input filter on bias input, capaci tor across dc-dc transformer for conductive emi, capacitors to bypass high frequency noise for electro-magnetic susceptibility ? module reset with a low level signal; reset circuit is trip-free ? ttl/cmos compatible, optically isolated, input and outputs ? schmitt-trigger control input for noise immunity ? battle short to override the trip condition
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 2 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 table 1 - electrical characteristics (at 25 o c and v aux = 5.0v dc unless otherwise specified) power input voltage ? continuous ? transient 0 to 40v dc, 60v dc absolute maximum +600v or ?600v spike (< 10 s) power dissipation see table 4 current see table 4 see figure 1, trip curve max voltage drop see table 4 max current without tripping 110% min max junction temperature 175 c trip time see figure 1, trip curve output rise time (turn on) 375 sec typ output fall time under normal turn-off 100 usec typ output fall time under fault 50 usec typ min load requirement nil protection short circuit protection unlimited instant trip 800%, min; 1000%, max table 2 - physical characteristics temperature operating temperature t c = -55 c to +100 c storage temperature t c = -55 c to +125 c environmental altitude operation: -450 to 10,500 ft storage: 35,000 ft. can be installed in an unpressurized area case dimensions 3.99? x 2.55? x 0.66? operating orientation any weight 325 grams typ mtbf (estimate: mil std 217f) 150 khrs at 25 c full load control & status (ttl/cmos compatible) vbias supply (vcc) 5.0v dc nominal, 6.5v dc absolute maximum 4.5v to 5.5 vdc vbias supply (vcc) current 32 ma typ 40 ma, max load status & switch status signals v oh =3.7v, min, at i oh =-20ma v ol =0.4v, max, at i ol =20ma control signal / battle short signal v t+ (positive-going input threshold voltage) v t ? (negative-going input threshold voltage) v t hysteresis (v t + v t ? ) input impedance ~ 100k, 55ua, max 2.0v, min, 3.5v, max 1.2v, min, 2.3v, max 0.6v, min, 1.4v, max reset cycle control signal
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 3 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 figure 1 - trip curve figure 2 ? timing diagram t0 t1 control t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 switch status load voltage load status
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 4 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 table 3 - signal timing ? (-55 o c to 100 o c @ line = 28v dc) parameter symbol min ( s) max ( s) control to switch status delay for turn on t0 100 300 turn on delay t1 200 300 load current rise time t2 250 500 turn on to load status delay t3 250 500 control to switch status delay for turn off t4 100 300 turn off delay t5 120 320 load current fall time t6 60 120 turn off to load status delay t7 750 1500 note: current fall time from trip dependent on magnitude of overload figure 3 - mechanical dimensions all dimensions are in inches d
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 5 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 table 4 ? individual power dissipation data (includes vbias power) SPDP150D28 spdp130 d28 current rating @ 100 o c 150a 130a power dissipation (including control power) 40w max @ 150a 25 o c 60w max @ 150a 100 o c 30w max @ 150a 25 o c 50w max @ 150a 100 o c max voltage drop 260mv max @ 150a 25 o c 400mv max @ 150a 100 o c 230mv max @ 150a 25 o c 360mv max @ 150a 100 o c switch thermal resistance (r jc ) 0.05 0 c/w 0.05 0 c/w figure 4 - electrical block diagram description figure 4 shows the block diagram of the SPDP150D28/spd p130d28 module. it uses two nl27wz14 is a high performance dual inverter with schmitt ? trigger inputs operating from a 1.65 to 5.5 v supply. it?s also compatible with cmos inputs and outputs. the nl 27wz14s are isolated from the remainde r of the module circuitry by four optocouplers. neither the control or battle override i nputs, nor the status outputs, nor the 5vdc vbias are protected against shorts to the 28 vdc power in voltage. connecting any of those pins to the 28 vdc power in voltage, even momentarily, will damag e the sspc, leaving it on or off with incorrect status outputs.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 6 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 the block labeled ?control & protection circuitry? gets power from the dc-d c converter and is referenced to the output of the sspc . this block contains an amplifier to gain up the voltage developed across the sense resistor. it also contains a microcontroller with on-b oard timers, a/d converter, clock generator and independent watchdog timer. the microcontroller implements a precision i 2 t protection curve as well as an instant trip function to protect the wiring and to protect itself. it perfo rms all of the functions of multiple analog comparators and discrete logic in one high-reliability component. the firmware in the microcontroller acquires the output of the internal a/d converter, squares the result and applies it to a simulated rc circuit. it checks the output of the simulated circuit to determine whether or not to trip (turn off the power mosfets). because the microcontroller simula tes an analog rc circuit, the sspc has ?thermal memory?. that is, it trips faster if there h ad been current flowing prior to the overload than if there hadn?t been current flowing. this behavior imitates therma l circuit breakers and better protects the application?s wiring since the wiring cannot take as much an overload if current had been flowing prior to the overload. the watchdog timer operates from its own internal clock so a failure of the main clock will not stop the watchdog timer. the code programmed in the microcontroller will periodically reset the watchdog timer preventing it from timing out. if the code malfunctions for any reason, the watchdog timer is not reset and it times out. when the watchdog timer times out, it resets the microcontroller. since the code is designed to detect levels and not edges, the output of the sspc, immediately reflects the command on its input. battleshort mode is asserted when this pin is pull ed up, thereby preventing tripping and also causes previously tripped unit to turn back on. do not use a sw itch to test this feature since the switch bouncing will likely cause the repeated entry/exit/entry to/form battle short mode. this pin is sampled every 20ms so this effect will not last long but may cause tripped channels to cycle on and off and ending with them on. if not used, this pin may be left open. failure mechanisms: failures can occu r in the dc-dc converter, the i/o logic chip, the optocouplers, the microcontroller and the mosfet switches. a failure in the dc-dc converter will likely turn off the mosfet switches and leave both status outputs at a logic low. a failure in the logic chip can result in multiple failure modes leaving the mosfet switches on or off and/or provide incorrect status outputs. a failure in the control optocoupler will likely leave the mosfet switches off; the st atus outputs will reflect this condition. failures in the status optocouplers will likely leave the status outputs at a logic low. a failure in the microcontroller can have multiple failure modes leaving the mosfet switches on or off and/or provide incorrect status outputs. failures in the mosfets will likely leave the switch es on; the switch status output will likely be wrong but the load status output would reflect the load current. it?s unlikely that t he control input can shut down the mosfet switches in the event of a failure turning them on. for overloads, no heat sinkin g is required provided the sspc is allowed some time to cool down. the design has sufficient thermal mass that the temperature will rise only a few degrees under the worst-case overload. repetitive overloads should be avoided, since this might cause the switches in the sspc to overheat. the sspc will trip on overloads in the always trip region shown in figure 1 and will never trip in the never trip region. the sspc can be reset by bringing the co ntrol pin to a logic low. when the control pin is brought back to logic high, the sspc will turn back on. if the overload is still present, t he sspc will trip again. cycling the 5v vbias power will also reset the sspc. if the control pin is at logic high when the vbias power is cycled, the sspc will turn back on when the vbias power is re-applied. logic outputs the load status and switch status pins of the sspc show whether or not t he load is drawing current and power mosfet switch is on. a logic high on the load status shows that the load draws < 4% of rated load and a logic low shows that the load draws > 10% of rated current. a load that draws between 4% and 10% of rated current could result in either a high or low lo gic level on the load status output. logic high on the switch status indicates that the power mosfet switch is on while a logic low indicates that the switch is off.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 7 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 as can be seen in table 5, of the 8 possible states for the combination of control, load status and switch status only 3 states represent valid sspc opera tion. the other 5 states indicate either a failed sspc or, more likely, a short to vbia s common or a short to the vbias suppl y of one of the logic outputs. by comparing the control input with the load status and switch status outputs, the user can determine whether or not the load is supposed to be on, whether or not it?s drawing current and whether or not the load status and switch status outputs are valid responses to the control input. table 5 ? control, load status & switch status truth table state control load status switch status comments 1 l l l sspc failure or shorted power out to signal ground 2 l l h sspc failure 3 l h l normal off condition 4 l h h sspc failure or shorted load status to v-bias 5 h l l sspc failure or shorted lo ad status to signal ground 6 h l h normal on condition with load current > 10% rated current 7 h h l tripped 8 h h h normal on condition with load current < 4% rated current wire size for transient or overload conditions, the transient or ov erload happens so quickly that heat is not transferred from the wire to the surrounding s. the heat caused by the i 2 r heating of the wire causes the temperature to rise at a linear rate controlled by the heat capacity of the wire. the equation for this linear rise in temperature, with respect to time, can be solved as: i 2 t = constant. every wire has an i 2 t rating that?s dependent on the temperature rise allowed and the diameter of the wire. if the i 2 t rating of the sspc or circuit breaker is less than the i 2 t rating of the wire, then the sspc or circuit breaker can protect the wire. to select a wire size, it?s simply a matter of determining the maximum temperature rise of t he application and deciding whether or not the wire will be in a bundle and use the information above. to calculate the maximum i 2 t for sspcs of other current rating, take the maximum instant trip level, in amps, and square it and multiply it by the time at which the instant trip level intersects the falling i 2 t curve. for these devices, the maximum instant trip level is at 1000% and it intersects the i 2 t curve at 150ms. so, the maximum i 2 t rating for the 150 and 130 amp sspc would be (10*150) 2 * 0.15 = 3.375 x 10 3 amp 2 -seconds and (10*130) 2 * 0.15 = 2.535 x 10 3 amp 2 -seconds respectively. for transient or overload conditions, the transient or ov erload happens so quickly that heat is not transferred from the wire to the surrounding s. the heat caused by the i 2 r heating of the wire causes the temperature to rise at a linear rate controlled by the heat capacity of the wire. the equation for this linear rise in temperature, with respect to time, can be solved as: i 2 t = constant. every wire has an i 2 t rating that?s dependent on the temperature rise allowed and the diameter of the wire. if the i 2 t rating of the sspc or circuit breaker is less than the i 2 t rating of the wire, then the sspc or circuit breaker can pr otect the wire. to select a wire size, it?s simply a matter of determining the maximum temperature rise of the application and deciding whether or not the wire will be in a bundle and use the information above. rise time & fall time the rise sspc are pre-set at the fact ory for a nominal 400s and a fall time of 100s with a supply of 28vdc. the rise and fall times will vary linearly with supply voltage. the slew control pin is used to control the rise and fall times. if the slew control pin is left open, th e rise and fall times will be about 50us or less. leaving the slew control pin open can be useful when a faster rise or fall time is desirable. with the slew control pin connected as in figures 5 through 8, the sspc can turn on in to a capacitive load of 22.6 mf typ for SPDP150D28 and 17.5 mf min, 19.6 mf typ for spdp130d28, without tripping for any power supply voltage within the ratings. the capacitive load capability is proportional to current rating and is calculated as: c = i it x dt/dv. i it is the instant trip level, dt is the rise time and dv = 22.4v (10 to 90% of 28v). in case of a resistive load in parallel with the capacitive load, simply subtract the resistive load current from i it .
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 8 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 application connections the sspc may be configured as a high-side or low-side sw itch and may be used in positive or negative supply applications. figure 5 ? high-side switch, positive supply figure 5 shows the connections as a high-side switch with a positive power supply. figure 6 ? low-side switch, positive supply figure 6 shows a low-side switch with a negative power supply. note that the slew control pin is now connected to power in pin (see ri se/fall time paragraph below for more information on slew control).
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 9 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 figures 7 and figure 8 show negative supply high-side switch and low-side switch implementations. again, note the connection of the slew control pin. figure 7 ? high side switch, negative supply figure 8 ? low side switch, negative supply
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5116, a ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 10 SPDP150D28 spdp130d28 wiring and load inductance wiring inductance can cause voltage tr ansients when the sspc is switched off due to an overload. generally, these transients are small but must be considered when long wires are used on either the power in or power out pins or both. a 2 foot length of wire in free air will cause a transient voltage of about 10 volts when the 150a sspc trips at an instant trip level of 1200 amps. at t he rated load current, the voltage transient will be about 1 volt. if longer wire lengths are used, a transient suppressor may be used at the power in pin and a power diode at the power out pin so that the total voltage between these pins is less than 50 v. when powering inductive loads, the negative voltage transient at the power out pin can cause the voltage between power in and powe r out to exceed the sspc rating of 50 volts and a power diode from the 28v dc load pin to slew control must be used. the cathode of the power diode is connected to the power out pin with the anode connected to slew control. the power diode must be able to carry the load current when the sspc switches off. voltage transients due to wiring or load inductance are proportional to the operating current. therefore, tran sients are less of a problem for the lower current sspc models. paralleling for example, putting two 150a sspcs in parallel will not double the rating to 300 amps. due to differences in the r ds(on) of the power mosfets in the sspcs, the current w ill not share equally. in addition, there are unit-to- unit differences in the trip curves so that two sspcs in parallel may possibly trip at 225 amps. also, both sspcs will not trip together; the sspc ca rrying the higher current will trip first followed by the other sspc. multiple sspcs may be used in parallel as long as these co mplexities are appreciated. do not parallel different models of this series as the current sharing will not be predictable. mil-std-704f and mil-std-1275b these standards cover the characteristic s of the electrical systems in milit ary aircraft and vehicles. the sspc meets all of the requirements of mil-std-704f including normal, emergency, abnormal and electric starting conditions with the ripple, distortion factor and distor tion spectrum defined in the standard. t he sspcs also meets all of the requirements of mi l-std-1275b including operation with battery and generator, generator only and battery only for all of the conditions describ ed in the standard including cranking, surges, spikes and ripple. in addition, the sspcs can withstand + 600 v spikes for 10 s. this capability is beyond that required by the standards cited above. disclaimer: 1- the information given herein, including the specifications and dimens ions, is subject to change without prior notice to impr ove product characteristics. before ordering, purchas ers are advised to contact the sensitron semiconductor sales department for the latest version of the datasheet(s). 2- in cases where extremely high reliabilit y is required (such as use in nuclear power control, aerospace and aviation, traffic equipment, medical equipment , and safety equipment) , safety s hould be ensured by using semi conductor devices that featur e assured safety or by m eans of users? fail-safe precautions or other arrangement . 3- in no event shall sensitron semiconductor be liable for any dam ages that may result from an accident or any other cause duri ng operation of the user?s units according to the datas heet(s). sensitron semiconductor assumes no responsibility for any intellectual property claims or any other problems that may result from applications of info rmation, products or circuits described in the datasheets. 4- in no event shall sensitron semiconductor be liable for any fa ilure in a semiconductor device or any secondary damage result ing from use at a value exceeding the absolute maximum rating. 5- no license is granted by the datasheet(s ) under any patents or other rights of any third party or sensitron semiconductor. 6- the datasheet(s) may not be reproduced or duplicated, in any form, in whole or par t, without the expressed written permissio n of sensitron semiconductor. 7- the products (technologies) described in the datasheet(s) are not to be provided to any party whose purpose in their applica tion will hinder maintenance of international peace and safety nor are they to be applied to that purpose by thei r direct purchasers or any thir d party. when exporting these products (technolog ies), the necessary procedures are to be taken in accordance with related laws and regulatio ns.
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